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The results of the inventory of damage caused by roe deer in a 2−year−old apple orchard in central Poland permitted to evaluate the browsing intensity as well as the relationship between biometric characteristics of trees and browsing intensity. The research showed that damage caused by the roe deer was mainly caused by shoot browsing, then rubbing the velvet antlers against trees and bark stripping...
The aim of the paper is to present the status of the implementation of the National Program of the Forest Cover Extension (KPZL) in the period 1995−2013, and analyse the results of the survey on the major factors limiting the Program's execution after Poland entered the European Union in 2004. The study is based on the official statistical data and a mail questionnaire survey carried out in all local...
The objective of the study was to estimate the number of jobs created by sector of wood biomass used for the energy production. The study presents direct employment (the persons who are employed in the production of wood biomass, its harvesting, industry processing, transport or combustion), indirect employment (the employment in the related sections according to Polish Classification of Activites)...
The paper concerns changes of chemical composition of water in headwater streams in the valley of the Kamienna, left bank tributary of the Słupia River (54°19′N; 17°10′E). Water samples were collected in 2012 from three streams, in their upper, middle and lower course every month. Analysis included water temperature, pH, conductivity, and the content of dissolved oxygen, HCO3– , K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+,...
In recent years, rapid changes related to forest operations have been observed in the forestry sector in Poland. A growing number of harvesters, an increased volume of harvested timber and a larger proportion of broadleaved species are considered the most important. The objective of this paper was to recognise the dynamics of harvester fleet change in Poland. In particular, there was an emphasis on...
Currently observed climate change creates favourable conditions for the development of not only deciduous species (oak and beech), but also some coniferous (e.g. fir). In the Scots pine stands growing on fertile forest site types one can observe the dynamic development of the under−canopy layers composed of those species. Oak or beech saplings are often characterized by good silvicultural value. Also...
Biological invasions are one of the most important problems of nature conservation, which affect several branches of forestry and game management. In case of recent invasions, there is a problem with assessment of invasion intensity due to insufficient quantity of data. In Poland, eight of 31 game species are alien and three small predators are serious threat to biological diversity. The most recent...
Transformation of the natural environment of human life may have different speed, depending on the number of conditions, especially the climate. There is a long−term transformation, but also the sudden changes, often having for humans the nature of disaster. An example of sudden and undesirable changes in the environment are observed in form of movements of soil on the slopes of the mountain. One...
The paper compares the properties of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) wood from stands growing in the lower and upper subalpine forest zone in terms of the tree−ring width, the share of latewood and the wood density. The investigation concerned material originating from plots established within the boundaries of the south−western incidence of spruce in Poland. Plots were located in the Sudety...
Study on variability of the spring and autumn density and habitat preferences of brown hare in the Lublin Upland (eastern Poland) was carried out in 2006−2015. The hunting acquisition of hare was suspended in this district during the research. The research methodology was based on the inventory of hare made by means of the strip taxation in spring and autumn. Monitoring of habitats, where individual...
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