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Described units belong to the group of adverbs that name the border created by the speaker to separate objects from their surroundings. When using 'do niemozliwosci', the speaker expresses his opinion about the phenomenon, namely that it is impossible to do something more intensively or longer. The adverb 'ile wlezie', compared with 'do oporu', 'do woli', 'do upadlego', describes rather the action...
The paper endeavours to verify an observation that Polish homorganic stop geminates straddling word boundaries are unreleased. Fifteen Polish subjects participated in the experiment, producing stop geminates in different contexts specified for the place of articulation, articulatory tempo, and voiced-voiceless distinction. The collected samples were acoustically analysed for presence or absence of...
The article deals with the problem of the possibility of defining lexical unit of contemporary Polish language 'muzyka' (music) as a specific kind of non-material artefact. The author attempts to prove that 'muzyka' can be defined as 'somethingi made by someone (j) to be heard by someone (k) who (because of the act of hearing) would feel something (l)'. The author suggests that the meaning of natural...
The authoress confirms the authenticity of examples of 'akanie' that appear in the novel 'Lesnik', written by Kuncewiczowa, where dialectal stylisation was used. The examples in question appear in feminine nouns (singular, instrumental case) ended with -a and they were considered as non-authentic by other researchers. The authoress of the article presents examples found in contemporary dialectal texts...
The article presents changes that are taking place in the lexical system of the regional Polish of the South-East borderland concerning East-Slavonic borrowings. It demonstrates that numerous Ukrainian borrowings are now becoming obsolete or they are changing their character and scope of functioning. This happens because the referents of those words have disappeared, there is a competition of Polish...
The author proves once again that the history of lexical items is the history of lexical fields. The analysis is based on extensive material, excerpted also from less known Old Polish sources. Polilexy (with clearly bounded centre and the peripheries) is typical for the history of the field of 'ACCUSATIO'. The elements were changing over the years. In the Old Polish the centre was dominated by mourning...
The authoresses present 'Cognitive Grammar' by J. R. Taylor, recently translated into Polish. They discuss its content and highly assess the original and the translation. They indicate that the book was needful but it does not fully satisfy Polish readers because it concerns mainly English language. As such 'Cognitive Grammar' is a good starting point for writing a cognitive grammar of Polish.
Memoirs of two co-workers of Mieczyslaw Karas, Polish linguist, dialectologist, Professor of the Jagiellonian University, editor of 'The Dictionary of Polish Dialects'.
The generation gap confirmed by different researches is deepening. The linguistic barrier exists between those who were born before 1939 and after that year, especially after 1989. The article deals with its different forms that result from democratisation of education, changes of cultural patterns, globalisation (mass culture), influence of English language.
Using the example of the dialects spoken by Polish highlanders and used in the south of the Malopolska region, the article presents an extensive account of the semantic, pragmatic and syntactic features of the dialectal particle 'ta'. The lexical unit in question plays an important role in expression of politeness in Polish dialects. It weakens the pragmatic (illocutionary) force of the utterance...
The article presents the data concerning the stability of the nominative models of expressive lexis on the example of semantic macro field of appellative names of people. The formal (structural) factor, cognitive factor and socio-cultural factor were discussed. As the results show, the opinion that changes in lexis are sudden and quick is true only with certain assumptions. Words are not stable but...
50 years have passed since the death of Professor Kazimierz Nitsch (1874-1958). Together with Jan Rozwadowski and Jan Los he created the Krakow linguistic school, he was also called the father of Polish dialectology. He was professor of Jagiellonian University, the President of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences (later the Vice-president of the Polish Academy of Sciences), co-founder of 'Rocznik...
The article presents typological description of consonantal geminates in the Slavonic languages, especially in Polish, Belorussian and Serbian. It is a preliminary study, a part of the bigger project that aims at investigation of a scope of the geminates' occurrence in all Slavonic languages - in the project the geminates' frequency in dictionaries and texts will be found and the morphological and...
The authoress analyses 'we' that appears in the essays written by Leszek Kolakowski. She states that the pronoun names two groups in the text: sometimes it designates a community of the narrator and the readers (the community that shares philosophical knowledge of the narrator or even the author), sometimes it designates the group consisting of the contemporary readers and the ancient listeners of...
The paper tries to answer the question whether the first creators of the national Polish literature might have known native poetical system. The author demonstrates the continuity of folk tradition and points out certain phenomena characteristic for folk poetry that might have contributed to literary texts at that time. He underlines the lack of cultural diversity of Old Polish society and shows elements...
The scope of the present article is a synchronic description of the word-formation process concerning verbal derivations in which the non-inflectional part of the word-forming base has been truncated. The study covered 400 verbal formations motivated by nouns and adjectives. The analysis led the authoress to the conclusion that adjectival formations dominate among the derivations of de-nominal verbs...
The aim of the article is to present the author's most recent outcomes of investigation into the Menzerath-Altmann law: the conditions for it to hold. He demonstrates (1) that the peculiarity of the law arises when the mathematical formula is applied before verification, (2) that the Sherman law must be applied to the methodology of the verification of the law, and finally (3) that the law does not...
The article deals with acronyms that come from English and function in contemporary Polish, spoken and written. The authoress shows the variety of forms and states that their spelling and pronunciation should be in accordance with Polish linguistic norm.
The aim of this paper is to propose coherent principles which enable showing the relation between derivation and composition on the graph of a derivational nest. The author proposes a system of arrows and dotted segments compatible with the current method of graph drawing. The arrows stand for the bases that contribute to the creation of compound words in the nest but are not a part of it (so called...
The article deals with the problem of classification of language functions. The author considers six parameters of verbal activity: world, man, interaction, discourse, convention and linguistic situation, which are treated as criteria of the language functions. He considers also two aspects of language functioning: explicate and procedural, which enables the distinction of twelve language functions:...
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