The lack of a domestic capital and the need to upgrade the infrastructure drove to the effort to solve this problem with mobilising of the private finance. The article presents the role of the public-private partnership (PPPs) and experience with it in the selected countries of the Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Why the PPPs have not been very successful in this region is mainly due to unfavourable institutional environment during the transition period, suboptimal project design and the unrealistic demand projections. The article is structured in the following ways: section 1 provides the basic information about PPPs, section 2 provides a survey of PPPs in CEE over the last decade. Section 3 is focused on the highway sector in selected countries of CEE, as a particularly strategic infrastructure sector. Section 4 points out the advantages and disadvantages of the PPPs and gives the general conclusions.