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The localities of Vysná and Nizná Boca emerged in 13th century as mining settlements. Since 17th century the mining there had been declining until it disappeared in 19th century. As a source of living it had been replaced by meadow farming, cattle breeding, shepherding and logging. Since 1950s people have been leaving Vysná and Nizná Boca in a search of job in the cities, until the number of inhabitants radically decreased. Cattle breeding and shepherding diminished. Empty houses and meadow stalls were purchased by people from bigger cities who began to use them for recreational purpose. These changes led to the third transformation of economy and life style in Vysná and Nizná Boca. The function of cultural heritage and cultural memory has also changed: they became the main pillars of contemporary tourism.