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The article deals with secondary stress in conformity with a standard language. There are several reasons why normative accentual doublets exist: 1. the existence of various levels of a standard language, 2. a dynamic nature of a standard language, i.e. its variability in time, 3. contrary opinions of linguistic experts' bodies, principally the Commission for Language Culture and the Polish Language...
This paper discusses the syntax of a subset of null object data from Polish. The data include answers to polar questions, verbal responses to commands, confirming and negating assertions, and polarity contrast. These contexts always make it possible for the object to be dropped, even though the grammar of Polish rigidly constrains the availability of null objects in other structures. The analysis...
Considering the derivation of null object structures in terms of VP ellipsis, the paper discusses the syntax of two verb doubling constructions in Polish, namely emphatic affirmation and V(P) topicalisation. These structures are analysed here within the minimalist framework of generative grammar. It is argued that in both of them the verb doubling effect follows from the acoustic realisation of two...
The intellectual atmosphere in contemporary linguistics is dependent on the all-scientific atmosphere, including that of the linguistic turn language expression. It is this aura that is decisive as regards the character and mutual relations of the main developmental currents, being isolated in the perspective of their long-term existence (systemic, functional, historical and applied), and also decides...
The aim of the paper is the outline of projected linguistic research on Polish institutional talk. Author presents the general theoretical background of the research, its range and goals. The conversation analysis and critical discourse analysis as the methodological base of the research are generally described, as well as the receiving of linguistic data - recorded and transcribed naturally occurring...
In the present article I try to reinterpret the ontological status of the linguistic view of the world as well as enter into polemics with Ireneusz Bobrowski who states - relying on Karl Popper's theory of three worlds - that the above-mentioned view of the world is not properly linguistic but made by linguists. I try to prove that the attribute linguistic, questioned by Bobrowski, is fully in line...
The object of the study is the form of computer-mediated communication called the Internet forum. The authors attempt to determine whether all Web users have the same unrestricted access to Internet forums or whether their entry is limited. The research revealed that a user's participation in the Internet forum may be restricted by several factors: - technical difficulties of logging on to a forum...
The author of the paper aims at providing a description of meaning noun "Bóg" with respect to his structure and meaning. The method of analysis is based on putting forward hypotheses in the form of analytical implications and subjecting them to falsification by bringing them down to contradiction. The content of the paper focuses on issues relating to reconstruction of the form of lexical...
The prospective Etymological Dictionary of Polish Dialects (EDPD) will have a strict differential character. It will comprise exclusively dialectal words which do not exist in current everyday Polish and for which there are no explanation in Polish etymological dictionaries. It will only include inherited words from Old Polish, dialectal innovations and loanwords, of which there are a good few in...
In this article I analyze two classical theories of natural language, e. i. Igor Meľčuk's Meaning ↔ Text Model and George Lakoff's generative semantics. It seems that Meľčuk's theory is more complete and should be located on the higher level of explicitness than the model of generative semantics.
The aim of this paper is to present an overview of the most important aspects of creating sign language corpora. It discusses selected technical, theoretical and methodological problems of data collection, including, among others, the selection of signing informants, the organization of recording sessions, the use of appropriate software, and the adoption of consistent elicitation and annotation conventions...
The goal of the article is to describe problems connected with masculine nouns and their references to men. The issue of masculine names in the context of sex was tackled very often by linguists, however it referred especially reference of masculine names to women defining profession, function and position. An especially difficult task, interesting though, is to separate masculine nouns only or usually...
The text is always informationally incomplete and its formal components only indicate some direction to interpretation. To capture a direct, non-observable semantic representation means to construct its cognitive structure. The interpretation of the natural communication process is trained and automated, so it is unconscious and the speaker only realizes its result - the resulting state of understanding...
The main aim of the presented article is to analyze several selected lexemes borrowed from English in respect of the grammatical gender they receive in Polish. The analysis is based on the material from the National Corpus of Polish which is then compared with the material gathered in the Dictionary of English Borrowings in the Polish Language edited by E. Mańczak-Wohlfeld. All of the examined words...
The article is devoted to the multiplicity of genres in graffiti texts. The object of analysis became verbal inscriptions written on the walls in Polish cities. The author discuss different types of genres, examples of which can be found among Polish graffiti, including: quasi-definitions, bans, abbreviations, threats, announcements, confessions, wishes, welcomes, goodbyes, greetings. The author analyzing...
The paper deals with several genres of text connected with foretelling the future (so-called 'predictive genres') in contemporary popular culture, i.e. prediction, horoscope, dream book. The author claims that essential for its definition is the fact, taht the speaker foretells the future on the basis of interpretation of signs, which he/she observes in the present. The primary function of the 'predictive...
In the present article I discuss three material objects of the contemporary linguistics: 1) language as an abstract mental system, 2) language as a collection of texts and 3) language as an abstract model of the mental system. The first object - in my opinion - is located in the Popperian world number two, while the second and the third ones belong to the Popperian world number three.
The present article provides an overview of areas of applied linguistics showing their development trends, today's tasks and goals. It considers some already well-defined fields in the linguistic research tradition (such as glottodidactics, speech and language therapy, communication research) as well as the younger fields of language study, created to satisfy the political, professional or technological...
Analysis and interpretation of poetry is based on qualitative features of its text such as its semantics or means of expression as well as on general knowledge about the author and artistic period. Recent advances in automatic text processing allow for performing quantitative analysis of large sets (corpora) of poetry, whose results may facilitate assessment of linguistic capabilities of its author...
There was chosen one-million-word subcorpus from National Corpus of Polish (NCP) to manual annotation. The annotation was carried out at four levels: word-level segmentation, sentence-level segmentation, morphosyntax (each word was tagged with its base form and some morphological properties: part of speech, grammatical categories) and word sense disambiguation. The purpose of the present paper is...
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