The authoress probes reactions on the first introductions of last the opera by Leos Janacek The Macropulos case in Brno and in Prague. By critics the main principle of dramaturgy of this opera was Janacek's specific method of motive work. If we talk about libretto, we can find critics, who were solving the problem of correlative relation between Capek's story and Jancek's adapted libretto. Critics compared Capek's comedy on one side and Janacek's classical opera on the other side. They also compared Capek's intellect and Janaceks intuition, passion and compassion. Impression of absence music, appreciate innovation, dramatic and dynamic in opera dominate in perception of this art work.