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Poles mean a dynamic segment of the new economy on international level. Their development strategy wields the encouragement of innovation with promoting sustainability. In the idea and practice of the concept of poles one may discover irregular efforts and solutions in development policy and in the co-operation of various actors. Their success so far achieved may raise hopes that there may be a relevant answer to the complex challenges and broad problems of the 21st century with similarly complex reactions and broad-based integrations of interests. This is why the author regards the discussion of developmental poles important. The paper surveys the economic basis, globalizing causes and social background as well as experiences in the Union of the phenomenon of poles, and discusses the strategy and developmental concept of the domestic programme of poles on that foundation.