Ekonometria

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HOW TO MEASURE CYCLICAL FLUCTUATIONS OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES? (Jak mierzyc wahania cykliczne wystepujace w zjawiskach demograficznych?)

Joanna Krupowicz

Ekonometria > 2011 > 30 (Zastosowania metod ilościowych) > 94-105

Regular changes in economic phenomena that are observed in the long term are also to be found in demographic phenomena. This paper focuses on identifying and measuring cyclical fluctuations of variables characterising the process of births. Two variables have been chosen for the study: the number of births and the female fertility rate. The long time series of variables in France and Sweden have been...

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NOTES ON THE ESTIMATORS PROPERTIES IN CASE OF IMPUTED DATA SETS (Uwagi na temat wlasnosci estymatorow wyznaczanych na bazie niepelnych danych)

Beata Zmyslona

Ekonometria > 2011 > 30 (Zastosowania metod ilościowych) > 83-93

In current surveys practice the most common method for handling non-response item is simple imputation. The simple imputation methods are the prediction methods for missing data. The imputed values are treated as if they were observed. This results in under or overestimation of the estimator variance, especially if the missing data mechanism is non-random. Simple imputation is inappropriate when the...

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MULTIVARIATE DATA ANALYSIS OF QUALITY OF LIFE AT THE LEVEL OF POLISH SUBREGIONS IN 2009 (Wielowymiarowa analiza statystyczna poziomu zycia w podregionach w roku 2009)

Beata Bal-Domanska, Justyna Wilk

Ekonometria > 2011 > 30 (Zastosowania metod ilościowych) > 58-69

The objective of the hereby article is an attempt to provide an answer to a question regarding life quality (standard) of inhabitants in Polish subregional communities with particular emphasis on these which cover large urban units or areas of high population density in 2009. The analysis was performed by means of synthetic measure constructed on the basis of indicators collected in four aspects:...

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DECOMPOSITIONAL AND MIXED METHODS IN CONSUMERS' PREFERENCES MEASUREMENT (Dekompozycyjne i mieszane metody w pomiarze preferencji wyrazonych)

Aneta Rybicka

Ekonometria > 2011 > 30 (Zastosowania metod ilościowych) > 36-46

A very common issue which appears while choosing a research method is the problem of different scales of measurements. This problem appears when considering a large number of variables and many levels of variables. Another very important problem of choosing the appropriate method of measurement is to create a situation that most closely reflects the actual decision-making process by the respondents...

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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OFTHE MACROECONOMIC GOALS OF THE WINNING PARTIES IN POLAND OVER THE PERIOD 1997-2008 (Analiza porownawcza celow makroekonomicznych partii politycznych wygrywajacych wybory w latach 1997-2008)

Marta Targaszewska

Ekonometria > 2011 > 30 (Zastosowania metod ilościowych) > 47-57

The paper presents the results of comparative analysis of some macroeconomic goals (such as unemployment, national gross product, budget deficit, employment, salary and inflation). These objectives were included in pilot programs of winning parties in Poland over the period 1997-2008. A statistical method called Principle Components Analysis was applied in this research.

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MODELLING OF PROBABILISTIC STRUCTURE OF MULTISTATE INSURANCE CONTRACTS (Modelowanie probabilistycznej struktury ubezpieczen wielostanowych)

Joanna Debicka

Ekonometria > 2011 > 30 (Zastosowania metod ilościowych) > 106-120

Multistate insurance is a contract that covers different life accidents. This type of insurances consists of the core insurance contract (usually it is a life insurance) and a package of additional contracts (so called options for example health or disabled insurances). The aim of this paper is to model the probabilistic structure of multistate model. Under the assumption that the stochastic process...

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APPLICATION OF SYMBOLIC DECISION TREES IN PREFERENCE ANALYSIS (Zastosowanie drzew klasyfikacyjnych dla danych symbolicznych w ocenie preferencji konsumentow)

Marcin Pelka

Ekonometria > 2011 > 30 (Zastosowania metod ilościowych) > 28-35

The paper presents the application of symbolic decision trees in preference analysis. To obtain such a goal basic terms of symbolic data analysis are presented. In the empirical part the results of preferences of flake consumers analysis are presented.

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THE INFLUENCE OF THE CHOICE OF INVESTMENT STRATEGY IN CURRENT ASSETS ON THE COST OF CAPITAL AND ON THE VALUE OF ENTERPRISE (Wplyw wyboru strategii inwestowania w aktywa biezace na koszt kapitalu i na wartosc przedsiebiorstwa)

Grzegorz Michalski

Ekonometria > 2011 > 30 (Zastosowania metod ilościowych) > 130-142

A firm choosing among various solutions in working capital needs to decide what level of risk is acceptable for its owners and capital suppliers. That choice results in financial consequences, especially in the cost level. In this paper we consider the relation between risk and expected benefits from the working capital decision and its results on financing costs for the firm. The paper discusses...

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THEORY OF EFFICIENCY MEASUREMENT IN MARKETING RESEARCH WITH REGRESSION AND STRUCTURAL EQUATIONS MODELS (Teoria pomiaru efektywnosci badan marketingowych w modelu regresji i rownan strukturalnych)

Piotr Tarka

Ekonometria > 2011 > 30 (Zastosowania metod ilościowych) > 70-82

Decision making by managers that is based on inefficient and ineffective marketing research may do harm putting a firm at risk. The minimization of such a risk is possible when an appropriate selection of analytical models is conducted, allowing a firm to measure the level and structure of efficiency related to marketing research expenditures and the real effects (economic results). In the first part...

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LINEAR ORDERING WITH GENERALISED DISTANCE MEASURE GDM2 FOR ORDINAL DATA AND PROGRAM R (Porzadkowanie liniowe z wykorzystaniem uogolnionej miary odleglosci GDM2 dla danych porzadkowych i programu R)

Marek Walesiak

Ekonometria > 2011 > 30 (Zastosowania metod ilościowych) > 9-18

The article presents linear ordering methods based on ordinal data. New proposals for transformation formula of the variable values, which have nominant character of type, into destimulant variable are discussed (such transformation formulas are well known in literature for metric data). The last part of the article contains the application of the new function pattern.GDM2 of clusterSim package for...

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CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS AS THE DIAGNOSTIC TOOL IN CASE OF MACROECONOMIC DATA (Analiza korespondencji jako narzedzie diagnostyczne w makroskali)

Katarzyna Wawrzyniak

Ekonometria > 2011 > 30 (Zastosowania metod ilościowych) > 19-27

The aim of the article is the application of simple correspondence analysis in order to evaluate the economic situation of voivodeships in Poland in 2007. Because of a small sample the procedure of doubling was used in the research. The empirical values of variables were replaced by ranks and on this base the anti-variables were created. The final diagnosis was formulated by means of the graphic presentation...

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CONSENSUS METHODS FOR INCOMPLETE ORDERED COVERINGS (Metody consensusu w odniesieniu do niepelnych pokryc uporzadkowanych)

Jadwiga Sobieska-Karpinska, Marcin Hernes

Ekonometria > 2011 > 30 (Zastosowania metod ilościowych) > 121-129

Consensus methods for solving conflicts in incomplete ordered coverings are presented in this paper. The incomplete ordered coverings are expert information structures in many cases. This structure should be useful when an expert classifies all elements of a set in such a way that every element belongs to one class or to many classes. The consensus methods are one of the methods for solving knowledge...

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Forecasting staffing decisions

Jerzy W. Wiśniewski

Ekonometria > 2013 > 1(39) > 22-29

The purpose of this paper is to present tools to support personnel decisions in the company. The starting point is to measure the results of the work of employees in a given position. Combining the appropriate amount of information on the results of work in the past, a variety of workers and their important personal qualities will enable the construction of an econometric model. This model describes...

article

End of life in Europe: an empirical analysis

Anna Nicińska, Małgorzata Kalbarczyk-Stęclik

Ekonometria > 2013 > 1(39) > 184-197

The goal of this study is to find covariates impacting most profoundly on the risk of death. Individuals aged 50 and more, observed in the Survey on Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, are examined. The data include 1,692 deceased individuals who took part in up to 3 waves of data collection. Our results, relying on the proportional hazard model, show that the impact of health and demographic...

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Forecast accuracy and similarities in the development of mean transaction prices on Polish residential markets

Iwona Dittmann

Ekonometria > 2013 > 1(39) > 121-132

This article presents the results of a study concerning the forecasting of mean transaction prices per 1 m2 in eight residential markets in Poland. The first research problem was an attempt to study the dependencies between the similarity of price development between these markets and the values of the errors of price forecasts that were constructed based on this similarity. The analysis showed a...

article

Space-time analysis of the phenomenon of unemployment in the group of new eu member states

Maria Balcerowicz-Szkutnik

Ekonometria > 2013 > 1(39) > 11-21

The article shows in a synthetic way the problems of unemployment in the ten states that newly accessed the EU in 2004. Special attention was paid to long-term unemployment. The period of time from 2000 to 2011, that was selected for the purpose of the analysis, includes the years that directly preceded and directly followed accession to the EU. This was to show the possible changes in intensity of...

article

Geometrical perspective on rotation and data structure diagnosis in factor analysis

Piotr Tarka

Ekonometria > 2013 > 1(39) > 198-209

Geometry has always contributed to a great extent and played a significant role in the development of many of the principles of the factor models. While factor-analytic principles and procedures have been generally developed by the heavy emphasis on matrix algebra, there is still a grave importance and need towards a geometrical approach and its application in the factor analysis. In this article...

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Demand forecasting in an enterprise – the forecasted variable selection problem

Paweł Dittmann, Adam Michał Sobolewski

Ekonometria > 2013 > 1(39) > 61-70

Forecasting process efficiency depends – to a large extent – on the correct determination of the forecasted variable. Therefore, companies should use for sales forecasting, the variables that reflect actual consumer demand. However in practice, since demand is usually not directly observable, many operational measures of demand are used. In the manufacturing and retail enterprises, the most often...

article

Structural analysis of variation of electricity transmission marginal costs

Barbara Namysłowska-Wilczyńska, Artur Wilczyński

Ekonometria > 2013 > 1(39) > 71-84

The paper presents a surface model of the accounting costs of electricity transmission over the 220 kV and 400 kV networks. A structural analysis of marginal costs variation was carried out. Variogram functions (isotropic, directional variogram, variograms roses) were used to build the model. The model describes well the considered phenomenon, i.e. the area and time variation of marginal costs, and...

article

Forecasting risk of decision – making processes

Jerzy Zemke

Ekonometria > 2013 > 1(39) > 30-39

What is the risk of decision-making processes, what causes it? Most typically, definitions of risk are ex post – they are looking at risk as a difference between expectations of results of actions taken and the actual performance. This is a considerable inconvenience, especially in cases when processes are of a long-term nature. Thus, is it possible to measure risk in the course of the decision-making...

INFONA - science communication portal

Ekonometria

HOW TO MEASURE CYCLICAL FLUCTUATIONS OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES? (Jak mierzyc wahania cykliczne wystepujace w zjawiskach demograficznych?)

NOTES ON THE ESTIMATORS PROPERTIES IN CASE OF IMPUTED DATA SETS (Uwagi na temat wlasnosci estymatorow wyznaczanych na bazie niepelnych danych)

MULTIVARIATE DATA ANALYSIS OF QUALITY OF LIFE AT THE LEVEL OF POLISH SUBREGIONS IN 2009 (Wielowymiarowa analiza statystyczna poziomu zycia w podregionach w roku 2009)

DECOMPOSITIONAL AND MIXED METHODS IN CONSUMERS' PREFERENCES MEASUREMENT (Dekompozycyjne i mieszane metody w pomiarze preferencji wyrazonych)

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OFTHE MACROECONOMIC GOALS OF THE WINNING PARTIES IN POLAND OVER THE PERIOD 1997-2008 (Analiza porownawcza celow makroekonomicznych partii politycznych wygrywajacych wybory w latach 1997-2008)

MODELLING OF PROBABILISTIC STRUCTURE OF MULTISTATE INSURANCE CONTRACTS (Modelowanie probabilistycznej struktury ubezpieczen wielostanowych)

APPLICATION OF SYMBOLIC DECISION TREES IN PREFERENCE ANALYSIS (Zastosowanie drzew klasyfikacyjnych dla danych symbolicznych w ocenie preferencji konsumentow)

THE INFLUENCE OF THE CHOICE OF INVESTMENT STRATEGY IN CURRENT ASSETS ON THE COST OF CAPITAL AND ON THE VALUE OF ENTERPRISE (Wplyw wyboru strategii inwestowania w aktywa biezace na koszt kapitalu i na wartosc przedsiebiorstwa)

THEORY OF EFFICIENCY MEASUREMENT IN MARKETING RESEARCH WITH REGRESSION AND STRUCTURAL EQUATIONS MODELS (Teoria pomiaru efektywnosci badan marketingowych w modelu regresji i rownan strukturalnych)

LINEAR ORDERING WITH GENERALISED DISTANCE MEASURE GDM2 FOR ORDINAL DATA AND PROGRAM R (Porzadkowanie liniowe z wykorzystaniem uogolnionej miary odleglosci GDM2 dla danych porzadkowych i programu R)

CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS AS THE DIAGNOSTIC TOOL IN CASE OF MACROECONOMIC DATA (Analiza korespondencji jako narzedzie diagnostyczne w makroskali)

CONSENSUS METHODS FOR INCOMPLETE ORDERED COVERINGS (Metody consensusu w odniesieniu do niepelnych pokryc uporzadkowanych)

Forecasting staffing decisions

End of life in Europe: an empirical analysis

Forecast accuracy and similarities in the development of mean transaction prices on Polish residential markets

Space-time analysis of the phenomenon of unemployment in the group of new eu member states

Geometrical perspective on rotation and data structure diagnosis in factor analysis

Demand forecasting in an enterprise – the forecasted variable selection problem

Structural analysis of variation of electricity transmission marginal costs

Forecasting risk of decision – making processes

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