Klio. Czasopismo poświęcone dziejom Polski i powszechnym
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Polish education system that covers teaching History does not provide efficient training for young people' living in informational society and knowledge-based economics of the 21st century. Skills important for further education and many modern occupations are weak points of many Polish graduates. Teaching History in a way adequate to present needs (that is, establishing necessary skills and competencies)...
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(Polish title: Polski Fiat jako 'miejsce pamieci'. Rola i obraz marki w kulturze polskiej drugiej polowy XX wieku. Refleksje wokol koncepcji). The article discusses a meaning and a place of 'Polish Fiat' 126p (maly Fiat, maluch) in Poles' collective memory in the context of 'places of memory' (lieux de mémoire), a concept coined in French historiography. 'Places of memory' are symbols that function...
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The article is a continuation of author's research on a history of St. Vincent of Paul's missionaries from the Polish territory in the 17th to 19th centuries. There are presented schools established by missionaries in the region of Kraslav, Lyskow and Illukszta. Author analyses lists of pupils in every school, as well as the manuals used by them for learning languages (i.e. Polish, Latin, German)...
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(Polish title: Region historyczny w historiografii, dydaktyce historii i edukacji szkolnej. Przeglad stanowisk i propozycji delimitacji). The first discussions on the deginition of a historical region date back to the beginning of the interwar period. It was when the regional movement and the scientific circles noticed the need to additionally specify the basic category, so far used for regional research...
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(Polish title: 'Jahresberichten' jako zrodlo do historii edukacji (na przykladzie sprawozdan wschodniopruskich szkol srednich z XIX wieku)). One of the most important tasks of the Prussian secondary schools, reformed in the years 1808-1812, was the publication of annual school reports. That type of documents is of early modern origin but these were the Prussian authorities that through a series of...
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After October 1956, the rebirth of Catholic journalism was seen. A new monthly journal 'Wiez' was published in 1958 by young Catholics who had left 'PAX' in the summer of 1955. The group of columnists gathered around 'Wiez' journal fostered the traditional Catholic values, encouraged participation in the Catholic community and promoted the idea of social commitment of Catholics. They acknowledged...
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Civilian and military emigres of the wartime period who had come to Hungary when the Polish-Hungarian border had been temporarily open (17-28 Sept. 1939) had a relatively rich artistic and cultural life. Thanks to the Hungarian authorities, the Polish emigres even formed their own institutions. As a result, some kind of press was started and approximately 60 newspapers and magazines were in circulation...
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Editors of 'Pielgrzym', published in Pelplin since 1869, similarly to editors of other Polish periodicals in the West Prussia, did not manage to avoid release processes brought to editors responsible for offences against the Penal Code of the country. Nine out of fourteen responsible editors had release processes brought against them. As many as 45 times the articles published in 'Pielgrzym' were...
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'Slowo' - a conservative Vilnius newspaper issued in the years 1922-1939 started its transformation into an oppositional newspaper after the death of Joseph Pilsudski. For this reason, the local authorities more and more frequently intervened into its content, confiscating either single articles or the whole issues. In 1939 the authorities decided to send 'Slowo' chief editor Stanislaw Cat Mackiewicz...
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(Polish title: Nonkonformistyczne ujecie problematyki cenzury i wolnosci slowa (zaborczej i polskiej) w komparatystyce Aleksandra Swietochowskiego). In 1926, in 'Mysl Narodowa', Aleksander Swietochowski wrote among others: 'For almost fifty years my spirit has endured the torture of Russian censorship, suffering torments, and yet I felt less terror then than I do now.' Such a comparison of the Russian...
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The following article examines the issues of legal and social regulation of pornography from the standpoint of the Cracovian press control body between 1918 and 1939. The emphasis is put primarily on the legislative restrictions in the visual and literary presentation of nudeness, as well as sexuality in the text, drawing or reproduction. The author refrains from judging past legislative and juridical...
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Almost 4500 new literary publications in Polish (counting by titles) had been tried to bring in to Empire in 1865-1904. The foreign censorship banned from circulation almost 1400 of these books - in a whole or in a part. These books were treated more lenient than others - because in 1872-1904 the censors prohibited only 29,7% of them, when nonfictional publications - 40,5%. The literary works were...
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Censorship activities on the 19th century book publishing market in Cracow have been and are of interests to many historians and library scientists. It is sufficient to mention the names of T. Gutkowski, J. Bieniarzowna, B. Szyndler or A. Aleksiewicz. These studies show both dependency of the book and press publishers on censorship injunctions and problems with distribution of texts coming from official...
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(Polish title: Redaktora Ludwika Gumplowicza potyczki z krakowska C. K. Prokuratoria Panstwa (1869-1871). Przyczynek do dziejow cenzury w Galicji autonomicznej). Ludwik Gumplowicz became an editor of Kraj in Krakow in October 1869 and soon he had the first contact with the watchful Austrian censorship. The articles which promoted national independence within the federation of the Austro-Hungarian...
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After establishing a new government with Prime Minister Wladyslaw Grabski, because of the fear from the Red Army coming closer to the border, one of the most signifying ideas was to create the Council for the Defence of the State, which could seize part of the Parliament duties and privileges. The Parliament bill, enacted rapidly, defined very wide authority of the Council, including passing regulations...
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Epigraphy has developed many methods aimed at establishing a more or less precise foundation date of a given inscription. The present article concentrates on the so-called internal criteria of dating connected with the content of engravings. Basing on the collection of sacral inscriptions from ancient Aquileia, I intend to indicate which elements of engravings are significant in directly or indirectly...
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The main purpose of the article is to analyse a course of alumni' military service in the 54th Training Battalion of a Cross Country Rescue in Bartoszyce. There is not only a number of alumni's conscriptions to this unit shown in the article, but also methods of their indoctrination and a course of their military service. Author also enumerated alumni, who resigned from a further studies in theological...
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The problem of origins of early modern personality patterns has been a research field for historians, historians of Polish literature and pedagogy for long time already. A history of a raise and a fall of social, economic and political career of the Zborowski's family from Malopolska still provides some controversies, what is the reason of not getting into consideration the context of their public...
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Clergymen from Thorn assumed canons in all of Prussian chapter cathedral. The subject of this article is group of twelve clergymen from Thorn, which could found as a results of working on chapter in Chelmza. This clergymen belonged to the most important members of whole corporation appeared in chapter panel in years 1275-1457. Among recognized clergymen distinguish group from urban participate and...
