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Heretofore historical studies dealing with the spear conceived as a symbol of authority have not fully exploited coins as iconographic sources. On Bohemian coins the spear held by a ruler appeared from the reign of Duke Yaromir (1003-1012) as the only insignium with which the ruler was equipped. From the time of his royal coronation, Vratislas II wields an apple and a sceptre instead of a spear, which...
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