<bold>Purpose.</bold> Although the contribution of anaerobic power in soccer performance is recognized, this component of physical fitness is not well-studied in adolescent players. The aim of this study is to investigate the development of anaerobic power across adolescence in a laboratory setting. <bold>Methods.</bold> Male adolescents (N = 217; aged 12.01-20.98 y), classified into nine one-year age-groups, and adult players (as the control group, N = 29; aged 21.01-31.59 y), who were all members of competitive soccer clubs, performed the 30-s Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) against a braking force of 0.075 Kg · Kg-1 of body mass. <bold>Results.</bold> Compared with previous age-matched studies on the general population, the participants exhibited superior WAnT scores. The Pearson moment correlation coefficient between age and peak power (Ppeak) was r = 0.71 (p < 0.001) and between age and mean power (Pmean) r = 0.75 (p < 0.001). Even when body mass or fat free mass was taken into account, the effect of age on these parameters remained (0.51 < r < 0.55, p < 0.001). One-way analysis of variance revealed differences in anaerobic power between the age groups across adolescence (p < 0.001), with the adult and age groups in the higher spectrum of adolescence performing better than those in the lower spectrum, supporting the aforementioned findings. <bold>Conclusions.</bold> We confirmed the importance of short-term power in adolescent soccer players, as well as the strong association between this sport-related physical fitness parameter and body mass and fat free mass (0.89 < r < 0.94, p < 0.001). However, what is novel is that we demonstrated that age effect on Ppeak and Pmean remained even when body mass and fat free mass were factored out.