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Background and Aims
Cannabis withdrawal is a well‐characterized phenomenon that occurs in approximately half of regular and dependent cannabis users after abrupt cessation or significant reductions in cannabis products that contain Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). This review describes the diagnosis, prevalence, course and management of cannabis withdrawal and highlights opportunities for future clinical...
Aim
To test if there was a reduction in alcohol consumption in wastewater samples in the Northern Territory of Australia after the implementation of a minimum unit alcohol price policy (MUP) in October 2018.
Design, setting, cases
Between August 2016 and February 2020, wastewater samples were collected across 66 sites in the Northern Territory and all other states and territories in Australia....
Background and Aims
Studies have consistently found a longitudinal association between e‐cigarette use (vaping) and cigarette smoking. Many have interpreted such association as causal. This systematic review and meta‐analysis evaluated the plausibility of a causal interpretation by (1) estimating the effect of adolescent vaping on smoking initiation, adjusted for study quality characteristics, (2)...
Background and Aims
Studies have linked adolescent alcohol use with adverse consequences in adulthood, yet it is unclear how strong the associations are and to what extent they may be due to confounding. Our aim was to estimate the strength of association between different patterns of adolescent drinking and longer‐term psychosocial harms taking into account individual, family and peer factors.
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Aims
Failure to complete high school predicts substantial economic and social disadvantage in adult life. The aim of this study was to determine the longitudinal association of mid‐adolescent polydrug use and high school non‐completion, relative to other drug use profiles.
Design
A longitudinal analysis of the relationship between polydrug use in three cohorts at grade 9 (age 14–15 years) and school...
AimsTo estimate the prevalence and burden of disease attributable to opioid dependence globally, regionally and at country level.
MethodsMultiple search strategies: (i) peer‐reviewed literature searches; (ii) systematic searches of online databases; (iii) internet searches; (iv) consultation and feedback from experts. Culling and data extraction followed protocols. DisMod‐MR, the latest version of...
AimsDebate continues about whether the association between cannabis use in adolescence and common mental disorders is causal. Most reports have focused on associations in adolescence, with few studies extending into adulthood. We examine the association from adolescence until the age of 29 years in a representative prospective cohort of young Australians.
DesignNine‐wave, 15‐year representative longitudinal...
Aims To stimulate debate by examining ethical issues raised by Project Prevention, a US‐based organization that offers $US300 to addicted individuals who agree to either undergo surgical sterilization or use long‐acting forms of contraception.
Method An analysis of key ethical questions raised by Project Prevention.
Results The important issues for debate are: (i) what are the reproductive rights...
Aims We used epidemiological modelling to assess whether nicotine vaccines would be a cost‐effective way of preventing smoking uptake in adolescents.
Design, Setting, Participants and Measurements We built an epidemiological model using Australian data on age‐specific smoking prevalence; smoking cessation and relapse rates; life‐time sex‐specific disability‐adjusted life years lived for cohorts...
Aims This paper models the predicted impact of tobacco price increases proposed in the United States and Australia during 2009 on smoking prevalence in 2010 while taking account of the effects of financial stress among smokers on cessation rates.
Methods Two models of smoking prevalence were developed for each country. In model 1, prevalence rates were determined by price elasticity estimates. In...
Aims To describe the prevalence, phenomenology and correlates of ‘impulse control disorders’ (ICDs) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) treated with dopamine replacement therapy (DRT); to assess the strength of the evidence that DRT plays a contributory causal role in these disorders; and to highlight the implications of these disorders for research in the addiction field.
Methods PubMed and...
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