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Cystinuria, a genetic disorder of cystine transport, is characterized by excessive excretion of cystine in the urine and recurrent cystine stones in the kidneys and, to a lesser extent, in the bladder. Males generally are more severely affected than females. The disorder may lead to chronic kidney disease in many patients. The cystine transporter (b0,+) is a heterodimer consisting of the rBAT (encoded...
We measured the concentration and solubility of cystine in urine from patients with cystinuria or calcium stones and from normal subjects to determine whether urine cystine supersaturation can be calculated from a standard nomogram of solubility versus pH or needs to be measured directly. We also evaluated whether increasing pH of the 24-hour collection recovered enough crystallized cystine to increase...
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