Search results for: Claudio Cobelli

Items from 1 to 20 out of 128 results

article

Inhibition of 11β‐Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase‐1 with AZD4017 in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, phase II study

Yogesh Yadav, Kelly Dunagan, Rachita Khot, Sudhakar K. Venkatesh, more

Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism > 24 > 5 > 881 - 890

Aim To evaluate whether short‐term treatment with a selective 11β‐Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase‐1 (11β‐HSD1) inhibitor, AZD4017, would block hepatic cortisol production and thereby decrease hepatic fat in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), with or without type 2 diabetes (T2D). Materials and Methods This was a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled,...

article

Improved postprandial glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes by the dual glucagon‐like peptide‐1/glucagon receptor agonist SAR425899 in comparison with liraglutide

Michele Schiavon, Roberto Visentin, Britta Göbel, Michela Riz, more

Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism > 23 > 8 > 1795 - 1805

Aim To gain further insights into the efficacy of SAR425899, a dual glucagon‐like peptide‐1/glucagon receptor agonist, by providing direct comparison with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, in terms of key outcomes of glucose metabolism. Research Design and Methods Seventy overweight to obese subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) were randomized to receive once‐daily subcutaneous...

article

Limitations of the fasting proinsulin to insulin ratio as a measure of β‐cell health in people with and without impaired glucose tolerance

Aoife M. Egan, Marcello C. Laurenti, Maria Daniela Hurtado Andrade, Chiara Dalla Man, more

European Journal of Clinical Investigation > 51 > 6 > n/a - n/a

Background The fasting proinsulin to insulin ratio is elevated in people with type 2 diabetes and has been suggested as a marker of β‐cell health. However, its utility in discriminating between individuals with varying degrees of β‐cell dysfunction is unclear. Proinsulin has a very different half‐life to insulin and unlike insulin does not undergo hepatic extraction prior to reaching the systemic...

article

Dual glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor/glucagon receptor agonist SAR425899 improves beta‐cell function in type 2 diabetes

Roberto Visentin, Michele Schiavon, Britta Göbel, Michela Riz, more

Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism > 22 > 4 > 640 - 647

Aim To evaluate the change in insulin sensitivity, β‐cell function and glucose absorption after 28 days of treatment with high and low doses of SAR425899, a novel dual glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor/glucagon receptor agonist, versus placebo. Materials and Methods Thirty‐six overweight to obese subjects with type 2 diabetes were randomized to receive daily subcutaneous administrations of low‐dose...

article

What do healthcare professionals need to turn risk models for type 2 diabetes into usable computerized clinical decision support systems? Lessons learned from the MOSAIC project

Giuseppe Fico, Liss Hernanzez, Jorge Cancela, Arianna Dagliati, more

BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making > 2019 > 19 > 1 > 1-16

Background To understand user needs, system requirements and organizational conditions towards successful design and adoption of Clinical Decision Support Systems for Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) care built on top of computerized risk models. Methods The holistic and evidence-based CEHRES Roadmap, used to create eHealth solutions through participatory development approach, persuasive design techniques...

article

Intranasal oxytocin fails to acutely improve glucose metabolism in obese men

Swantje Brede, Sebastian Fehr, Chiara Dalla‐Man, Claudio Cobelli, more

Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism > 21 > 2 > 424 - 428

The hypothalamic neuropeptide oxytocin not only modulates psychosocial function, but also contributes to metabolic regulation. We have recently shown that intranasal oxytocin acutely improves beta‐cell responsivity and glucose tolerance in normal‐weight men. In the present experiment, we investigated the acute glucoregulatory impact of oxytocin in obese men with impaired insulin sensitivity. Fifteen...

article

Differential effects of the circadian system and circadian misalignment on insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in humans

Jingyi Qian, Chiara Dalla Man, Christopher J. Morris, Claudio Cobelli, more

Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism > 20 > 10 > 2481 - 2485

Glucose tolerance is lower at night and higher in the morning. Shift workers, who often eat at night and experience circadian misalignment (i.e. misalignment between the central circadian pacemaker and the environmental/behavioural cycles), have an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. To determine the separate and relative impacts of the circadian system, behavioural/environmental cycles, and their...

article

Procedural Pain during Insertion of a Continuous Glucose Monitoring Device in Preterm Infants

Alfonso Galderisi, Paola Lago, Garry M. Steil, Martina Ghirardo, more

The Journal of Pediatrics > 2018 > 200 > C > 261-264.e1

Procedural pain was compared between the insertion of a continuous glucose monitoring sensor and heel stick using the Premature Infant Pain Profile in a single-blinded controlled trial in preterm infants (≤32 weeks of gestation or birth weight ≤1500 g) (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02583776). Continuous glucose monitoring insertion was associated with lower pain scores compared with the heel stick.

article

Hyperglucagonemia Mitigates the Effect of Metformin on Glucose Production in Prediabetes

Adam R. Konopka, Raul Ruiz Esponda, Matthew M. Robinson, Matthew L. Johnson, more

Cell Reports > 2018 > 23 > 8 > 2532

article

Performance of individually measured vs population‐based C‐peptide kinetics to assess β‐cell function in the presence and absence of acute insulin resistance

Ron T. Varghese, Chiara Dalla Man, Marcello C. Laurenti, Francesca Piccinini, more

Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism > 20 > 3 > 549 - 555

Aims To compare the performance of population‐based kinetics with that of directly measured C‐peptide kinetics when used to calculate β‐cell responsivity indices, and to study people with and without acute insulin resistance to ensure that population‐based kinetics apply to all conditions where β‐cell function is measured. Methods Somatostatin was used to inhibit endogenous insulin secretion in...

article

Prospective evaluation of insulin and incretin dynamics in obese adults with and without diabetes for 2 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Jonathan Q. Purnell, Geoffrey S. Johnson, Abdus S. Wahed, Chiara Dalla Man, more

Diabetologia > 2018 > 61 > 5 > 1142-1154

Aims/hypothesis In this prospective case–control study we tested the hypothesis that, while long-term improvements in insulin sensitivity (S_I) accompanying weight loss after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) would be similar in obese individuals with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus, stimulated-islet-cell insulin responses would differ, increasing (recovering) in those with diabetes but decreasing...

article

Comparison of lower limb muscle strength between diabetic neuropathic and healthy subjects using OpenSim

Alessandra Scarton, Ilse Jonkers, Annamaria Guiotto, Fabiola Spolaor, more

Gait & Posture > 2017 > 58 > C > 194-200

Diabetes neuropathy and vasculopathy are the two major complications of diabetes mellitus, leading to diabetic foot disease, of which the worst consequences are plantar ulcers and amputations. Motor impairments like joint stiffness and loss of balance are distinctive effects of diabetes and they have been extensively explored. However, while altered muscle function has been also assessed through experimentally...

chapter

A telemonitoring service supporting preterm newborns care in a neonatal intensive care unit

Eleonora Losiouk, Giordano Lanzola, Alfonso Galderisi, Daniele Trevisanuto, more

2017 IEEE 3rd International Forum on Research and Technologies for Society and Industry (RTSI) > 1 - 6

2017 IEEE 3rd International Forum on Research and Technologies for Society and Industry - Innovation to Shape the Future for Society and Industry (RTSI)

Glucose concentration in blood, better known as glycemia, is a very underestimated physiological parameter in neonatal intensive care units. Its value is currently monitored by performing few measurements per day, acquired through heel pricks or arterial samplings. Unfortunately, the frequency of those samplings is quite low in preterm newborns, who are very low birth weight infants, due to their...

article

Glucose metabolism during rotational shift-work in healthcare workers

Anu Sharma, Marcello C. Laurenti, Chiara Dalla Man, Ron T. Varghese, more

Diabetologia > 2017 > 60 > 8 > 1483-1490

Aims/hypothesis Shift-work is associated with circadian rhythm disruption and an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes. We sought to determine the effect of rotational shift-work on glucose metabolism in humans. Methods We studied 12 otherwise healthy nurses performing rotational shift-work using a randomised crossover study design. On each occasion, participants underwent an isotope-labelled...

article

Automatic adaptation of basal therapy for Type 1 diabetic patients: A Run-to-Run approach

Chiara Toffanin, Mirko Messori, Claudio Cobelli, Lalo Magni

Biomedical Signal Processing and Control > 2017 > 31 > C > 539-549

Type 1 diabetic patients require adjustments of their basal therapy due to insulin requirement changes. A very promising automatic approach is based on the so-called Run-to-Run (R2R) strategy, which adjusts the insulin therapy based on the performance measured during the previous run, usually of 1 day. Previous R2R approaches were based on a few blood glucose measurements. In this paper, the use of...

article

Altered EMG patterns in diabetic neuropathic and not neuropathic patients during step ascending and descending

Fabiola Spolaor, Zimi Sawacha, Gabriella Guarneri, Silvia Del Din, more

Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology > 2016 > 31 > C > 32-39

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) causes motor control alterations during daily life activities. Tripping during walking or stair climbing is the predominant cause of falls in the elderly subjects with DPN and without (NoDPN). Surface Electromyography (sEMG) has been shown to be a valid tool for detecting alterations of motor functions in subjects with DPN. This study aims at investigating the...

article

Liver triacylglycerol content and gestational diabetes: effects of moderate energy restriction

Kenneth Hodson, Chiara Man, Fiona E Smith, Alison Barnes, more

Diabetologia > 2017 > 60 > 2 > 306-313

Aims/hypothesis Women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have raised liver triacylglycerol. Restriction of energy intake in type 2 diabetes can normalise glucose control and liver triacylglycerol concentration but it is not known whether similar benefits could be achieved in GDM. The aim of this work was to examine liver triacylglycerol accumulation in women with GDM and the effect...

article

One-Day Bayesian Cloning of Type 1 Diabetes Subjects: Toward a Single-Day UVA/Padova Type 1 Diabetes Simulator

Roberto Visentin, Chiara Dalla Man, Claudio Cobelli

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering > 2016 > 63 > 11 > 2416 - 2424

Objective: The UVA/Padova Type 1 Diabetes (T1DM) Simulator has been shown to be representative of a T1DM population observed in a clinical trial, but has not yet been identified on T1DM data. Moreover, the current version of the simulator is “single meal” while making it “single-day centric,” i.e., by describing intraday variability, would be a step forward to create more realistic in silico scenarios...

chapter

Whole-Body and Cellular Models of Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion

Gianna Maria Toffolo, Morten Gram Pedersen, Claudio Cobelli

Systems Biology > BetaSys > Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Simulation > 489-503

Models of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion are commonly used to measure β-cell function and to gain insight into the biological mechanisms of insulin release. Depending on the scope, the complexity of the model must be chosen appropriately. We present two models of minimal complexity, able to assess β-cell function in an individual during intravenous and oral glucose perturbations, and a comprehensive...

article

A Model for the Estimation of Hepatic Insulin Extraction After a Meal

Francesca Piccinini, Chiara Dalla Man, Adrian Vella, Claudio Cobelli

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering > 2016 > 63 > 9 > 1925 - 1932

Goal: Quantitative assessment of hepatic insulin extraction (HE) after an oral glucose challenge, e.g., a meal, is important to understand the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. The aim of the current study is to develop a model of system for estimating HE. Methods: Nine different models, of increasing complexity, were tested on data of 204 normal subjects, who underwent a mixed meal tolerance...

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INFONA - science communication portal

Search results for: Claudio Cobelli

Inhibition of 11β‐Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase‐1 with AZD4017 in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, phase II study

Improved postprandial glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes by the dual glucagon‐like peptide‐1/glucagon receptor agonist SAR425899 in comparison with liraglutide

Limitations of the fasting proinsulin to insulin ratio as a measure of β‐cell health in people with and without impaired glucose tolerance

Dual glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor/glucagon receptor agonist SAR425899 improves beta‐cell function in type 2 diabetes

What do healthcare professionals need to turn risk models for type 2 diabetes into usable computerized clinical decision support systems? Lessons learned from the MOSAIC project

Intranasal oxytocin fails to acutely improve glucose metabolism in obese men

Differential effects of the circadian system and circadian misalignment on insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in humans

Procedural Pain during Insertion of a Continuous Glucose Monitoring Device in Preterm Infants

Hyperglucagonemia Mitigates the Effect of Metformin on Glucose Production in Prediabetes

Performance of individually measured vs population‐based C‐peptide kinetics to assess β‐cell function in the presence and absence of acute insulin resistance

Prospective evaluation of insulin and incretin dynamics in obese adults with and without diabetes for 2 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Comparison of lower limb muscle strength between diabetic neuropathic and healthy subjects using OpenSim

A telemonitoring service supporting preterm newborns care in a neonatal intensive care unit

Glucose metabolism during rotational shift-work in healthcare workers

Automatic adaptation of basal therapy for Type 1 diabetic patients: A Run-to-Run approach

Altered EMG patterns in diabetic neuropathic and not neuropathic patients during step ascending and descending

Liver triacylglycerol content and gestational diabetes: effects of moderate energy restriction

One-Day Bayesian Cloning of Type 1 Diabetes Subjects: Toward a Single-Day UVA/Padova Type 1 Diabetes Simulator

Whole-Body and Cellular Models of Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion

A Model for the Estimation of Hepatic Insulin Extraction After a Meal

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