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We present 2 cases in which the diagnosis of a unilateral nonfunctioning kidney was not anticipated. The first case appeared to be simple, antenatally diagnosed, unilateral hydronephrosis with adequate parenchyma. However, at 3 months postnatally, it was found to be nonfunctional, most likely secondary to early high-grade obstruction. The second case presented prenatally as a left hydronephrotic kidney...
Introduction. The modern Young-Dees-Leadbetter bladder neck reconstruction is a procedure that has evolved during the past 82 years. During this time, the modifications and contributions of several urologic surgeons have improved the procedure and ultimate patient outcomes. We review the evolution and describe in detail our version of the Young-Dees-Leadbetter bladder neck reconstruction procedure...
Cloacal malformation occurs in approximately 1 in 50,000 live female births. Prenatal ultrasound may lead to the diagnosis in selected cases. We report an unusual case of prenatally detected single-system hydronephrosis with a nonvisible bladder and worsening oligohydramnios. Labor was induced at 35 weeks’ estimated gestational age. On physical examination, a single perineal opening was noted consistent...
One percent of all pregnancies are found to have an antenatal abnormality; of these, 20% involve the genitourinary system. Today, controversy still exists regarding the postnatal management of some antenatal abnormalities detected by ultrasound. We present a case in which antenatal hydronephrosis initially detected by ultrasound appeared to resolve in utero. Postnatally, the child developed Citrobacter...
Objectives. We recently reported the expression and cytokine regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human prostate cancer (PCa). VEGF exerts its angiogenic and pro-tumorigenic properties by way of two high affinity receptors, fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT-1) and fetal liver kinase 1 (FLK-1). We hypothesized that these receptors are expressed and control VEGF functions in the...
Objectives. Recently, it was confirmed that angiogenesis is important in the development and spread of a variety of human cancers, including prostate cancer (PCa). Tumor neovascularization is thought to be controlled by chemical signals, known as angiogenic factors (AF). To date, little is known regarding the existence and role of AF in PCa. We previously reported on vascular endothelial growth factor...
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