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It is common to incorporate a cathode-side buffer layer in organic photovoltaic devices (OPVs) to mitigate damage from the evaporation of metal onto the underlying acceptor layer (e.g. C60), which can lead to exciton quenching and/or a barrier to charge extraction. Additionally, these materials can act as both an optical spacer and an exciton blocking layer. One class of buffer layers consists of...
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