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This paper focuses on the design and analysis of multi-stage noise-shaping (MASH) sigma-delta modulators. Fundamentals and properties of MASH modulators are discussed. A detailed methodology on analyzing continuous-time MASH (CT-MASH) modulator based on the impulse invariant transformation is also described. Two fabricated design examples are discussed: a 130 nm CMOS CT-MASH 4-0 employing a digital...
This paper presents a fully digital quantization noise reduction algorithm (DQNRA) for $\mathrm {CT}\Sigma \Delta \mathrm {M}$ . The algorithm overcomes the signal leakage issues commonly found in cascade and MASH implementations. The proposed DQNRA is robust to PVT variations. The DQNRA performs a foreground measurement of the modulators noise transfer function. A $\Sigma \Delta \mathrm {M}$ using...
A low-power 2–16 GHz frequency synthesizer fabricated in 130nm CMOS technology is presented. A singlesideband mixer combines feed-forward and regenerative mixing techniques as well as frequency divide-by-two circuits to achieve the wide frequency range. A dynamic current-clipped QVCO that exhibits excellent phase noise and outstanding quadrature phase accuracy is developed. The frequency synthesizer...
Designing and constructing affective robots on schedule and within costs is especially challenging because of the qualitative, artistic nature of affective expressions. Detailed affective design principles do not exist, forcing an iterative design process. This paper describes a three step design process created for the Survivor Buddy project that engages artists in the design process and allows animation...
This paper describes the Survivor Buddy human-robot interaction project and how it was used by four middle-school girls to illustrate the scientific process for an episode of "SciGirls", a Public Broadcast System science reality show. Survivor Buddy is a four degree of freedom robot head, with the face being a MIMO 740 multi-media touch screen monitor. It is being used to explore consistency...
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