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Phase information is employed to enhance evaluating defects in the metals by eddy current testing using the conventional probes. But for an EC-GMR sensor, the output phase is not used. In this paper, GMR-based eddy current defect detection is studied, in which the phase of the GMR sensor output is taken into account. Based on Biot-Savart law, amplitude and phase for the EC-GMR sensor's output are...
Background, Aims and Scope Urban soils are important sinks and sources of pollutants. Furthermore, urban soils are often much more heterogeneous than natural, agricultural or forest soils. This is due to the highly diverse land uses occurring in small distances. Different land uses specifically affect the mineralogical and chemical composition of urban soils causing various, often negative impacts...
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