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In this study, we demonstrate the functionality and usability of a compact, pneumatically actuated, elastomeric stimulation device for mechanobiological studies. The soft mechatronic device enables high-resolution live-cell confocal fluorescent imaging during equiaxial stretching. Several single cells can be tracked and imaged repeatedly after stretching periods. For demonstration, we provide image...
The coming 5G cellular communication system is envisioned to support a wide range of new use cases on top of regular cellular mobile broadband services. One of the 5G usage scenarios is ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). It has been predicted that URLLC will play an essential role in enabling wireless communications for emerging new services and applications such as factory automation,...
This paper discusses methods for improving the effectiveness of delivering voice traffic over High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) network by employing transmission diversity with Single-Frequency Dual-Cell (SF-DC) Aggregation that is part of the Multiflow specification. SF-DC Aggregation allows the user to be served at the same time by two different cells. The enhancements discussed in the paper...
The latest 3GPP Rel-11 is characterized by a number of new features, where a few of them specifically address UE performance at the cell edge. In particular, the Rel-11 downlink Multiflow improves noticeably the cell edge performance as a UE receives simultaneously data from two neighboring cells. Even though Multiflow caters for the cell edge performance and increased data rates there, this feature...
Multiflow is a major enhancement envisioned as part of evolved HSPA. As 3GPP Release 11 is nearing its conclusion, Multiflow forms an integral element of the new set of standards. 3GPP compliant simulation studies from various stakeholders have shown a cell- edge throughput gain in the order of 40%. 3GPP simulation assumptions for Multiflow in release 11 however targeted an ideal scenario to quantify...
Quick growth in the amount of wireless subscribers coupled with the necessity to provide desired level of user experience for broadband, stimulates mobile operators to improve the efficiency of their limited air resources by using different technologies. This paper discusses the study on Single Frequency Network (SFN) based multipoint-to-point transmission scheme as a possible way to improve the usage...
This paper introduces a multi-cell transmission scheme for High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) networks, called High-Speed Single-Frequency Network (HS-SFN). While existing multi-point transmission features for WCDMA have concentrated on soft/softer handover (HO) mechanisms and are applicable only for Rel-99 based networks, HS-SFN brings an over-the-air combining approach to multi-cell transmissions...
Currently, considerable interest has been shown in the research and standardization communities in multicell transmission schemes for HSPA, with a number of possible schemes under discussion that include Multiflow, Fast Cell Switching (FCS) and High-Speed Single Frequency Network (HS-SFN). In particular, HS-SFN is a promising technique that not only combines received energy from participating cells,...
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes are expressed in all organs of the mammalian body where they participate in important physiological functions. CA VII is a cytosolic isozyme which may be expressed as two forms according to the recent GenBank data. We designed a present study to express and characterize the human CA VII forms: full-length CA VII and short form (predicted to lack 56 residues from the...
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