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Mast cells are now considered sentinels in immunity. Given their location underneath the gastrointestinal barrier, mast cells are entrusted with the task of tolerating commensal microorganisms and eliminating potential pathogens in the gut microbiota. The aim of our study was to analyse the responsiveness of mast cells isolated from macroscopically normal and Crohn's disease‐affected intestine to...
Background: Excessive alcohol intake causes an increase in intestinal permeability that induces translocation of gut‐derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to the portal vein. Increased LPS in the portal vein stimulates Kupffer cells through Toll‐like receptor (TLR) 4 in the liver. Activated TLR4 signaling in Kupffer cells induces various inflammatory mediators including TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and reactive oxygen...
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