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In situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was used to monitor the electrochemical behavior of squaric acid on a gold electrode in aqueous solution, at different pH values. Octahydroxycyclobutane and other intermediates were identified. The formation of the squarate radical anion is suggested. The relative intensities of the bands in the SER spectra, together with the surface selection rules,...
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