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Placental and fetal liver blood perfusions are reduced in intrauterine growth-restricted human fetuses. We hypothesized that changes in fetal liver blood supply can alter fetal growth. In nine ewes with twin pregnancies at a gestational age of 119±2 days, a stent (4mm) was placed into the ductus venosus of one twin (DVstent group). Alternatively, in 17 near term sheep with twin (n=11) or singleton...
In growth restricted fetuses, hepatic blood flow is reduced. This suggests the hypothesis that liver blood flow controls fetal growth. In 11 near term sheep the ductus venosus was blocked with an embolization coil in one fetus (experimental) and left patent in the twin (control). Arterial catheters were placed in both fetuses. After termination [mean (s.d.) 5 days (2) after surgery] the fetal body...
The purpose of this study was to learn to what extent carotid collateral circulation is efficient in maintaining cephalic blood flow in the sheep fetus. Under halothane anaesthesia six fetal sheep at 124–135 days of gestation were instrumented with inflatable occluders around both common carotid arteries, an inductive flow probe around one external carotid artery, and arterial catheters to measure...
The influence of oxytocin (OXY), sulproston (SUL) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on L-alanine- (ALA), D-glucose- (GLU) or water- (H 2 O) uptake (maternal side) in the isolated perfused guinea pig placenta was investigated. Uptake was measured with a single injection, paired tracer dilution method. ‘T50’ values were derived from venous concentration curves (extracellular marker) as the distance...
This study investigated systematically the diffusive transfer of water and glucose across the chorionic plate of the human placenta. Isolated sections of human term placentae were perfused at the fetal side (open loop) with modified Ringer’s solution (n=31). An artificial amniotic compartment was created on top of the chorionic plate. 3 H- and 14 C-labelled tracer pairs were added...
Baroreceptor reflexes control arterial pressure in fetal sheep at least from day 120 of gestation. The carotid baroreceptors are involved in the feed-back mechanism. The isolated carotid sinus preparation opens the closed-loop system and has proved useful in adults to investigate quantitatively the relationship between input pressure signals and the resultant output effects on heart rate and peripheral...
Baroreceptors are located in both carotid sinuses, the aortic arch and pulmonary artery which in the fetus may participate in baroreceptor reflexes (BRRs) via the ductus arteriosus. The various baroreceptor regions may evoke different BRR responses but this has not been investigated in fetal sheep. When fetal systemic arterial pressure is increased, BRR related reactions induce fetal bradycardia...
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