The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the user's device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the user's data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser.
A simple phenomenological model describing experimentally observed self-annealing in copper thin films at room temperature was developed. The model proposes that the rate of grain size evolution depends primarily on the initial grain size of the as-deposited film and that the observed abnormal grain growth is viable only after desorption of incorporated additives. By calibrating to the measured data,...
The role of additives in the electroplating of copper films deposited from sulfuric acid - copper sulfate solution was investigated by the cyclic voltammetry. Strong effects of additives were found both during the underpotencial deposition and in the bulk deposition demonstrating the leveling, suppressing and accelerating abilities of these organic compounds.
For better understanding the self-annealing kinetics of thin electroplated copper films and controlling their microstructure, the systematic experimental studies described in [4] have been completed by transmission electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction observations. Grain size distributions were calculated for four samples electroplated with different current densities. The nano-scaled...
A suite of systematic experimental studies on electroplated copper films was carried out by a systematic change of plating current density and additive concentration in the plating electrolyte. The films were characterized by employing resistivity measurement and x-ray diffraction. In the indicated range, the annealing time decreased with increasing plating current density, and showed a minimum as...
Selected hexasubstituted benzenes containing one or two nitro groups and chlorine atoms or methyl groups have been studied in the solid state by means of dielectric, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray and Raman techniques. Unknown phase transitions at 223 and 412 K were found in pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB), and the existence of a rotational phase above 223 K was confirmed with the help...
Set the date range to filter the displayed results. You can set a starting date, ending date or both. You can enter the dates manually or choose them from the calendar.