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We present Keplerian orbit solutions for the mutual orbits of 17 transneptunian binary systems (TNBs). For ten of them, the orbit had not previously been known: 60458 2000 CM 114 , 119979 2002 WC 19 , 160091 2000 OL 67 , 160256 2002 PD 149 , 469514 2003 QA 91 , 469705 ǂKá̦gára, 508788 2000 CQ 114 , 508869 2002 VT 130 , 1999 RT 214 , and 2002 XH 91 . Seven more are systems where the size, shape, and...
We present high spatial resolution images of the binary transneptunian object Gǃkúnǁ'hòmdímà (229762 2007 UK 126 ) obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope and with the Keck observatory on Mauna Kea to determine the orbit of Gǃò'é ǃhúGǃò'é ǃhú, the much smaller and redder satellite. Gǃò'é ǃhú orbits in a prograde sense, on a circular or near-circular orbit with a period of 11.3 days and a semimajor...
In this work we investigated the longitudinal (zonal) variability of H2O and ammonia (NH3) hydrate ices on the surface of Charon through analysis of the 1.65 µm and 2.21 µmabsorption features, respectively. Near-infrared spectra presented here were obtained between 2015-07-14 and 2015-08-30 UT with the OSIRIS integral field spectrograph on Keck I. Spectra centered on six different sub-observer longitudes...
From observations by the Hubble Space Telescope, Keck II Telescope, and Gemini North Telescope, we have determined the mutual orbit of the large transneptunian object (174567) Varda and its satellite Ilmarë. These two objects orbit one another in a highly inclined, circular or near-circular orbit with a period of 5.75days and a semimajor axis of 4810km. This orbit reveals the system mass to be (2...
In an initial laboratory exploration of the CH 4 +N 2 system we demonstrate that under equilibrium conditions ice will float when the molar percentage abundance of N 2 in the liquid is ⩾∼15.
We report new Hubble Space Telescope and Spitzer Space Telescope results concerning the physical properties of the trans-neptunian object (TNO) binaries (120347) Salacia–Actaea (formerly 2004 SB 60 ), and (42355) Typhon–Echidna (formerly 2002 CR 46 ). The mass of the (120347) Salacia–Actaea system is 4.66±0.22×10 20 kg. The semi-major axis, period, and eccentricity of the binary...
We present three improved and five new mutual orbits of transneptunian binary systems (58534) Logos-Zoe, (66652) Borasisi-Pabu, (88611) Teharonhiawako-Sawiskera, (123509) 2000 WK 183 , (149780) Altjira, 2001 QY 297 , 2003 QW 111 , and 2003 QY 90 based on Hubble Space Telescope and Keck II laser guide star adaptive optics observations. Combining the five new orbit solutions...
We present results from 14 nights of observations of Titan in 1996-1998 using near-infrared (centered at 2.1 microns) speckle imaging at the 10-meter W.M. Keck Telescope. The observations have a spatial resolution of 0.06 arcseconds. We detect bright clouds on three days in October 1998, with a brightness about 0.5% of the brightness of Titan. Using a 16-stream radiative transfer model (DISORT) to...
All previous observations of seasonal change on Titan have been of physical phenomena such as clouds and haze. We present here the first observational evidence of chemical change in Titan's atmosphere. Images taken during 1999-2002 (late southern spring on Titan) with the W.M. Keck I 10-meter telescope at 8-13 μm show a significant accumulation of ethylene (C 2 H 4 ) in the south polar...
We report on observations of Neptune from the 10-meter W.M. Keck II Telescope on June 17-18 (UT) 2000 and August 2-3 (UT) 2002 using the adaptive optics (AO) system to obtain a spatial resolution of 0.06 arcseconds. With this spatial resolution we can obtain spectra of individual bright features on the disk of Neptune in a filter centered near 2 microns. The use of a gas-only, simple reflecting layer...
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