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The increasingly widespread applications of α,ω-dibromides motivated development of a scalable, inexpensive process to rapidly convert selected α,ω-alkanediols to the corresponding dibromides. Diols were heated with only 48% aq HBr and an organic solvent, using a Dean–Stark apparatus modified to fractionate the azeotropic distillate, thereby maintaining a higher HBr concentration and reaction rate...
The pinacol coupling of benzaldehyde (0.25M or 1.25M) in water was catalyzed by 5–25mol% CrCl 2 in the presence of Zn-dust or Al-dust at 20°C or 60°C. In all cases at most 50% of the pinacol coupling product, 1,2-diphenyl-1,2-ethanediol, was obtained with the major product, benzyl alcohol, being formed by a competitive 2e − reduction of the carbonyl. The dl- to meso-diastereoselectivity...
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