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The paper presents analysis and comparison of Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms in SpaceFibre draft H4 and in RapidIO rev 4.0. SpaceFibre and RapidIO standards are currently used in aerospace instrumentation field. SpaceFibre standard is developed by ESA, JAXA, NASA, ROSCOSMOS agencies for aerospace industry in accordance to different requirements and limitations such as a high speed data transmission,...
Satellite onboard control systems have changed significantly towards of complexity of control algorithms. Network operation must be flexible and adapt easily to configuration and composition changes of the onboard network. Plug-and-Play should solve this problem. Plug-and-Play technology is aimed for network monitoring, should promptly detect changes in it and correctly handle any network situation...
High-speed onboard networks for the space industry with a lot of tasks that could be solved only by transmitting large data streams in a short time, with minimum overheads and accepted latencies. Particular tasks for data transmission require various types of traffic and onboard network topologies. Video data in many applications generate high throughput real-time data streams, from most demanding...
SpaceWire is integrated networking technology where the data packets and control traffic in the form of hard real-time signals are transmitted throw the same links of communication network. Last decades for hard real-time signals transmission in onboard networks the specialized buses like CAN and MIL-STD 155b and sideband signals were used. All buses have the property that the signal from the source...
Modern and prospective spacecraft data system networks consist of many systems and sensors producing streaming traffic. Outside spacecraft video cameras also generate intensive data streams. Motion video traffic requires specific latency and speed. Video frames should be delivered with small delays and jitter over high-rate SpaceFibre networks. The paper considers live streaming video over onboard...
In many networks there is a necessity to transmit data packets flows, the intensity of which exceeds the throughput of one channel SpaceWire, GigaSpaceWire, SpaceFibre. This flow can be a packet flow from a single source to a single destination, for example, from a camera to a monitor. Also, a packet flow can include packets from different sources to different destinations that goes via two neighboring...
An ability of faults mitigation becomes one of the main requirements for network-on-chip (NoC) embedded systems that are manufactured with thin design rules. Other requirements are for area, power consumption and QoS. Altogether these requirements lead to inconsistencies in NoC development process. In this paper we discuss approaches for resolving this conflict by the use of the dynamically reconfigurable...
In the paper we describe F-medians searching algorithm for Three-dimensional (3D) Network-on-Chip (NoC) design. Modern 3D NoC development is complex and complicated task. Developer should solve different problems: Intellectual Property (IP) blocks placement on the die, organization of vertical links between dies in the 3D stack, energy consumption limitation, system performance improvement. We consider...
Developing of failsafe systems is the problem solving in different sectors. Hardware design is not an exception. This sector imposes additional requirements constructing failover controllers, such as chip area and energy consumption. This article provides types and causes of errors to define their effect on SoC and offers the general idea of errors resilient SoC that consists of error detecting, error...
In this paper we consider using p-medians searching algorithms in the design of modern systems-on-chip. This mathematical apparatus can be used for decision of some tasks that faced before developer. We consider the types of systems-on-chip, for which the p-median problem is useful. We describe different methods of calculating the P-medians. Also we examine which criteria can be used for searching...
In this paper methods of dynamically reconfigurable multi-core System-on-chip (SoC) design are discussed, the approaches of system modeling for evaluation of these systems are presented. The dynamically reconfigurable SoC can be developed using the FPGA and the ASIC technologies. The implementations of dynamic reconfiguration using these approaches are essentially different. The system level modeling...
In this paper we discuss the problem of choosing the buffer size in the Network-on-Chip routers. This problem is closely related to other problems that arise in NoC’s design – choosing of interconnection structure between nodes and data paths in the system. It is a complex multicriteria problem. The design space exploration approach is widely used to solve such problems. In this approach each possible...
Quality of service (QoS) requirements such as priorities, packet delivery and packet delivery time are important and critical for embedded networks and networkson-chip (NoC) [1]. We consider mechanisms for QoS support in the SpaceFibre, SpaceWire and GigaSpaceWire protocols, possibility of using them in embedded networks and NoC. In the article we analyze approaches for QoS provision, their feasibility...
Endospores (also referred to as bacterial spores) are bacterial structures formed by several bacterial species of the phylum Firmicutes. Spores form as a response to environmental stress. These structures exhibit remarkable resistance to harsh environmental conditions such as exposure to heat, desiccation, and chemical oxidants. The spores include several layers of protein and peptidoglycan that surround...
The paper considers experience of SpaceFibre/SpaceWire-RT implementation and analysis. Overheads are estimated and gaps in the SpaceFibre draft for implementation are considered, its refinement is proposed.
The SpaceFibre standard has appeared relatively recently. Also SpaceFibre standard supports several “Quality of Service” mechanisms. It includes best effort, bandwidth reserved, scheduled and priority based qualities of service. It is implemented by means of virtual channels. Standard does not fully describe network layer in the latest version (ECSS Draft F3). The rules for transferring data at the...
Important tasks for any on-board communication network are time synchronization (devices work synchronization) and transmission of low-frequent hard real-time signals, alarm and critical commands. In the SpaceWire standard there are time-codes and distributed interrupts propagation mechanisms for these purposes. The SpaceFibre is a very high-speed serial link for on-board communication; it carries...
Nowadays SpaceWire, SpaceFibre, GigaSpaceWire protocols are widely used in spacecraft design. SpaceWire is established as one of the main standards for data transmission. It is used in many Russian, European, American and Japanese spacecraft. SpaceFibre is a newly emerging standard for the SpaceWire technology standards family, which is able to operate over fiber-optic and copper cable and supports...
SpaceFibre based spacecraft network is used as a case study of the real network, which SpaceWire based implementation was analyzed in [1]. The network structure has tree-based structure, includes dozens of different data sources (such as Telemetric System, Radiation Monitoring System, Control Block of Onboard Complex) and some data processing nodes (such as Central Computing Machine, Computer of the...
Nowadays different types of communication systems are used in designing of data transmission systems. Performance and operating characteristics of communication systems are crucial. System-on-chip (SoC) communication system can be built based on a bus, switch or network-on-chip (NoC). Type of communication system is selected according to user requirements for bandwidth, time delays, hardware cost...
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