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This paper deals with the computer modeling of a low-current vacuum arc with an external axial magnetic field taking into account the secondary plasma occurred due to anode sputtering by fast ions from cathode spot. The described hybrid model treats the electrons as a massless fluid and ions as macroparticles. The macroparticle dynamic is calculated with the use of PIC method. Ion-ion and ion electron...
In this paper, a 3D model for vacuum arc controlled by transverse magnetic field (TMF) is built and simulation on its parameters is calculated. In the simulation, only the external TMF is taken into consideration and arc is assumed to contracts itself. Arc is not neutral so that ions and electrons are calculated respectively. According to the simulation results, both ions and electrons are deflected...
Vacuum circuit breakers have been being widely used in the electric power system in recent years for its excellent breaking capability. The whole interrupting process can be divided into two main stages: the arcing phase and the post-arc dielectric recovery phase. The later phase has a decisive effect on the whole interruption which has attracted many concerns. The dissipation of the residual plasma...
Vacuum arc is usually driven to rotate and deflect by transverse magnetic field (TMF). This paper presents the 2D simulation results of vacuum arc controlled by external transverse magnetic field based on the magneto-hydro-dynamic (MHD) model. It is assumed that anode and cathode spots only occupy a small part of contact area for arc maintains a constricted status under TMF. In the simulation, external...
Microwave frequency standards based on ions are promising as the next generation atomic clocks. This paper reports the recent progresses of the microwave frequency standard based on laser-cooled 113Cd+ ions developed at Tsinghua University. Based on the current experimental setup, the ground-state hyperfine splitting of 113Cd+ is measured with higher precision and a better short-term frequency stability...
Based on a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model, a two-dimensional transient MHD model of a vacuum arc was developed. In this model, the unsteady terms in mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations, Maxwellpsilas equations, and generalized Ohmpsilas law were considered. In energy conservation equations, work done by the electrical field, the force of friction and the thermal force were considered...
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