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The magnetic shunt is generally inserted in a planar transformer to increase the leakage inductance which can be utilized as the series inductor in resonant circuits such as the LLC resonant converter. This paper presents a calculation methodology for the leakage inductance of the transformer with a magnetic shunt by means of the stored magnetic energy in the primary and secondary sides of the transformer...
In applications of high voltage and low power capacitor charging, conventional magnetic based power converters often suffer from bulky components and poor efficiency. Piezoelectric transformer (PT) based converters however, are compact and efficient, especially at high step-up applications. In this paper an interleaved interdigitated electrode (IDE) multilayer PT utilizing longitude and thickness...
This paper explores the characteristic of capacitance versus voltage for dielectric electro active polymer (DEAP) actuator, 2kV polypropylene film capacitor as well as 3kV X7R multi layer ceramic capacitor (MLCC) at the beginning. An energy efficiency for capacitively loaded converters is introduced as a definition of efficiency. The calculated and measured efficiency curves for charging DEAP actuator,...
As the trend within power electronic still goes in the direction of higher power density and higher efficiency, it is necessary to develop new topologies and push the limit for the existing technology. Piezoelectric transformers are a fast developing technology to improve efficiency and increase power density of power converters. Nonlinearities in piezoelectric transformers occur when the power density...
A capacitive level-shifter as a part of a high voltage halfbridge gate driver is presented in this work. The level-shifter utilizes a differential capacitor pair to transfer the information from low side to high side. A thorough evaluation of the critical parts of the level-shifter is presented with focus on low power consumption as well as low capacitive load between the floating half-bridge node...
An adjustable high voltage active load circuit for voltage amplitudes above 100 volts, especially intended for resistive matching the output impedance of a piezoelectric transformer (PT) is proposed in this paper. PTs have been around for over 50 years, were C. A. Rosen is common known for his famous Rosen type design back in the 1950s [1]. After the discovered of new piezoelectric materials and new...
Research and development within piezoelectric transformer (PT) based converters are rapidly increasing, as the technology is maturing and starts to prove its capabilities. High power density and high efficiencies are reported and recently several inductor-less converters have emerged [1][2][7][10][13], which demonstrates soft switching capabilities. The elimination of a bulky inductor, reduces size...
Power converters with flexible PCB integrated magnetic components are highly demanded in future photovoltaic (PV) applications, resulting in a higher power density. In this paper, a 1.5-mm thickness integrated coupled inductor with planar sandwich core structure is under investigation. Several important design issues for the sandwich core structure including self-inductance, leakage inductance, eddy...
Research and development within piezoelectric transformer (PT) based converters are rapidly increasing as the technology is maturing and starts to prove its capabilities. Especially for high voltage and high step-up applications, PT based converters have demonstrated good performance and DC/AC converters are widely used commercially. The availability of PT based converters for DC/DC applications are...
A new geometry of integrated inductors with low profile and low cost is presented in this paper. The new geometry integrates two inductors by stacking three I-cores. The middle I-core provides a shared low reluctance flux path. The air gaps are formed by separating the I-cores using copper foil windings with well-defined thickness. Many advantages and disadvantages are described in depth. In this...
This paper describes the analysis and design of a DC-DC converter topology which is operational at frequencies in the Very High Frequency (VHF) band ranging from 30 MHz-300 MHz. The presented topology, which consists of a class E inverter, class E rectifier, and self-oscillating gate driver, is inherently resonant, and switching losses are greatly reduced by ensuring Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) of...
In this paper, a novel isolated current-fed DC-DC converter (boost-type) with two input power sources based on multi-transformer structure, which is suitable for fuel cells and super-capacitors hybrid energy system, is proposed and designed. With particular transformer windings connection strategy, the proposed converter can draw power from two different DC sources with lower voltage and deliver it...
A high efficient planar integrated magnetics (PIM) design approach for primary parallel isolated boost converters is presented. All magnetic components in the converter including two input inductors and two transformers with primary-parallel and secondary-series windings are integrated into an E-I-E core geometry. Due to a low reluctance path provided by the shared I-core, the two transformers as...
This paper investigates the feasibility of using an alternator as means of harvesting energy from a stationary exercise bicycle. A switch mode converter was designed to regulate the current in the alternator rotor winding, thus regulating the power required to pedal, and consequently the power output of the bike. The complete controller design consists of this power stage, a control circuit, a startup...
Recently, nine-switch inverter was presented as a dual output inverter. Two constant frequency (CF) and different frequency (DF) modes are defined for nine-switch inverter. However CF mode is more interesting because of lower inverter ratings. Several switching methods have been presented for nine switch converter. A space vector modulation algorithm has already been proposed by authors for DF mode...
A planar magnetic is a low profile transformer or inductor utilizing planar windings instead of the traditional windings made of Cu-wires. In this paper, the important factors for planar transformer design including winding loss, core loss, leakage inductance and stray capacitance have been investigated individually. The tradeoffs among these factors have to be analyzed in order to achieve optimal...
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