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We characterized the occurrence of ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections after augmentation cystoplasty. We reviewed the records of 20 myelodysplastic children with ventriculoperitoneal shunts followed for a minimum of 12 months after augmentation. In 4 children (20 percent) a ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection developed. The single gram-positive infection occurred early (less than 30 days)...
We observed xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in 5 of 27 nephrectomies (18.5 percent) performed for end stage pyelonephritis. Two patients were 5 months old or younger, of normal birth weight and the products of uncomplicated full-term pregnancies. In all cases clinical histories and findings were consistent with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis yet this diagnosis was suspected prospectively in...