Search results for: Robert D. Brook

Items from 1 to 20 out of 79 results

article

Optimal dynamic treatment regime estimation using information extraction from unstructured clinical text

Nina Zhou, Robert D. Brook, Ivo D. Dinov, Lu Wang

Biometrical Journal > 64 > 4 > 805 - 817

The wide‐scale adoption of electronic health records (EHRs) provides extensive information to support precision medicine and personalized health care. In addition to structured EHRs, we leverage free‐text clinical information extraction (IE) techniques to estimate optimal dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs), a sequence of decision rules that dictate how to individualize treatments to patients based on...

article

Study protocol for a stepped-wedge randomized cookstove intervention in rural Honduras: household air pollution and cardiometabolic health

Bonnie N. Young, Jennifer L. Peel, Megan L. Benka-Coker, Sarah Rajkumar, more

BMC Public Health > 2019 > 19 > 1 > 1-15

Background Growing evidence links household air pollution exposure from biomass-burning cookstoves to cardiometabolic disease risk. Few randomized controlled interventions of cookstoves (biomass or otherwise) have quantitatively characterized changes in exposure and indicators of cardiometabolic health, a growing and understudied burden in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Ideally, the solution...

article

Hypertriglyceridaemia‐induced pancreatitis prompted by acute corticosteroid treatment: caution for clinicians

Daniel Seung Kim, Patrick J. O'Hayer, Melvyn Rubenfire, Robert D. Brook

Internal Medicine Journal > 49 > 3 > 411 - 412

article

Exposure to household air pollution from biomass cookstoves and blood pressure among women in rural Honduras: A cross‐sectional study

Bonnie N. Young, Maggie L. Clark, Sarah Rajkumar, Megan L. Benka‐Coker, more

Indoor Air > 29 > 1 > 130 - 142

Growing evidence links household air pollution exposure from biomass cookstoves with elevated blood pressure. We assessed cross‐sectional associations of 24‐hour mean concentrations of personal and kitchen fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), black carbon (BC), and stove type with blood pressure, adjusting for confounders, among 147 women using traditional or cleaner‐burning Justa stoves in Honduras....

article

Cardiac Troponin I and Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Philip D. Adamson, Julie A. Anderson, Robert D. Brook, Peter M.A. Calverley, more

Journal of the American College of Cardiology > 2018 > 72 > 10 > 1126-1137

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have increased risk of cardiovascular events.This study evaluated the association between high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I concentration and cardiovascular events in patients with COPD and heightened cardiovascular risk.In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, 16,485 patients with COPD and cardiovascular disease or risk factors were...

article

Personal-level exposure to environmental temperature is a superior predictor of endothelial-dependent vasodilatation than outdoor-ambient level

Chinedu Ejike, Lu Wang, Mochuan Liu, Wei Wang, more

Journal of the American Society of Hypertension > 2017 > 11 > 11 > 746-753.e1

Environmental temperatures influence cardiovascular physiology. However, the majority of time is spent indoors, making outdoor-ambient temperatures inaccurate estimates of true exposures encountered by most individuals. We evaluated in 50 healthy adults the associations between previous 7-day outdoor-ambient (four occasions) and prior 24-hour personal-level (two occasions) environmental temperature...

article

Extreme levels of ambient air pollution adversely impact cardiac and central aortic hemodynamics: the AIRCMD-China study

Shuo Liu, Robert D. Brook, Wei Huang, Zhongjie Fan, more

Journal of the American Society of Hypertension > 2017 > 11 > 11 > 754-761.e3

Ambient air pollution is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. We performed a panel study on 65 nonsmoking patients with metabolic syndrome, with four repeated clinical visits between 2012 and 2013 in Beijing, China. Cardiac and central aortic hemodynamic parameters were measured by pulse wave analyses as subendocardial...

article

Pneumonia risk with inhaled fluticasone furoate and vilanterol in COPD patients with moderate airflow limitation: The SUMMIT trial

Courtney Crim, Peter M.A. Calverley, Julie A. Anderson, Andrew P. Holmes, more

Respiratory Medicine > 2017 > 131 > C > 27-34

Pneumonia risk with inhaled corticosteroid use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has not been thoroughly assessed in patients with moderate airflow limitation.To determine the incidence of pneumonia and risk factors in COPD patients with moderate airflow limitation who had, or were at high risk for cardiovascular disease.In the Study to Understand Mortality and MorbidITy in COPD (SUMMIT),...

article

Isometric Handgrip as an Adjunct for Blood Pressure Control: a Primer for Clinicians

Cheri L. McGowan, David N. Proctor, Ian Swaine, Robert D. Brook, more

Current Hypertension Reports > 2017 > 19 > 6 > 1-8

Considered a global health crisis by the World Health Organization, hypertension (HTN) is the leading risk factor for death and disability. The majority of treated patients do not attain evidence-based clinical targets, which increases the risk of potentially fatal complications. HTN is the most common chronic condition seen in primary care; thus, implementing therapies that lower and maintain BP...

article

PROGNOSTIC IMPORTANCE OF BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE: THE SUMMIT TRIAL

James Brian Byrd, David E. Newby, Julie A. Anderson, Peter M.A. Calverley, more

Journal of the American College of Cardiology > 2017 > 69 > 11(S) > 1764

article

HIGH-SENSITIVITY CARDIAC TROPONIN I AND RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH COPD AND HEIGHTENED CARDIOVASCULAR RISK: A BIOMARKER SUB-STUDY OF THE SUMMIT TRIAL

Nicholas L. Mills, Julie A. Anderson, Robert D. Brook, Peter M.A. Calverley, more

Journal of the American College of Cardiology > 2017 > 69 > 11(S) > 1819

article

Long term exposure to NO2 and diabetes incidence in the Black Women's Health Study

Patricia F. Coogan, Laura F. White, Jeffrey Yu, Richard T. Burnett, more

Environmental Research > 2016 > 148 > C > 360-366

While laboratory studies show that air pollutants can potentiate insulin resistance, the epidemiologic evidence regarding the association of air pollution with diabetes incidence is conflicting. The purpose of the present study was to assess the association of the traffic-related nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) with the incidence of diabetes in a longitudinal cohort study of African American women. We used...

article

Fluticasone furoate and vilanterol and survival in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with heightened cardiovascular risk (SUMMIT): a double-blind randomised controlled trial

Jørgen Vestbo, Julie A Anderson, Robert D Brook, Peter M A Calverley, more

The Lancet > 2016 > 387 > 10030 > 1817-1826

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often coexists with cardiovascular disease. Treatments for airflow limitation might improve survival and both respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess whether inhaled treatment with a combined treatment of the corticosteroid, fluticasone furoate, and the long-acting β agonist, vilanterol could improve survival compared...

article

CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOMES WITH AN INHALED LONG-ACTING BETA AGONIST AND CORTICOSTEROID IN PATIENTS WITH MODERATE CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AND HEIGHTENED CARDIOVASCULAR RISK: THE SUMMIT TRIAL

Robert D. Brook, Julie Anderson, Peter Calverley, Bartolome Celli, more

Journal of the American College of Cardiology > 2016 > 67 > 13(S) > 1917

article

Acute increase in blood pressure during inhalation of coarse particulate matter air pollution from an urban location

J. Brian Byrd, Masako Morishita, Robert L. Bard, Ritabrata Das, more

Journal of the American Society of Hypertension > 2016 > 10 > 2 > 133-139.e4

Particulate matter (PM) air pollution is a leading global risk factor for cardiovascular mortality. Although exposure to fine PM <2.5 μm raises arterial blood pressure (BP), few studies have evaluated the impact of coarse PM which differs in size (2.5–10 μm), sources, and chemistry. Twenty-nine healthy adults (30.4 ± 8.2 years) underwent a randomized double-blind crossover study involving 2-hour...

article

GLP-1 Agonists and Blood Pressure: A Review of the Evidence

Aditya Goud, Jixin Zhong, Matthew Peters, Robert D. Brook, more

Current Hypertension Reports > 2016 > 18 > 2 > 1-11

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The presence of concomitant hypertension in diabetics is a major driver of excess cardiovascular risk. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1a) act on numerous pathways that intersect glycemic, weight, and blood pressure (BP) control. BP-lowering effects have been observed in mouse models of hypertension with...

article

Coronary artery calcium in hypertension: a review

Sagar Mallikethi-Reddy, Melvyn Rubenfire, Lisa A. Jackson, Robert D. Brook

Journal of the American Society of Hypertension > 2015 > 9 > 12 > 993-1000

Coronary artery calcium (CAC) is a powerful independent predictor of future cardiovascular events. However, the clinical utility of calcium score testing specifically among patients with hypertension is not well defined. We performed a review of studies involving both high blood pressure (BP) and CAC to assess several aspects of the interrelationship. Among four specific topics evaluated, the main...

article

Medical nutrition therapy is the essential cornerstone for effective treatment of “refractory” severe hypertriglyceridemia regardless of pharmaceutical treatment: Evidence from a Lipid Management Program

Katherine S. Rhodes, Martha Weintraub, Elizabeth H. Marchlewicz, Melvyn Rubenfire, more

Journal of Clinical Lipidology > 2015 > 9 > 4 > 559-567

Patients with refractory severe hypertriglyceridemia are at risk of pancreatitis and cardiovascular disease. The role of individualized nutrition therapy in these patients independent of pharmaceutical treatment has not been documented.To document the effect of nutrition intervention on severe hypertriglyceridemia regardless of medication status or prior nutrition counseling.Outcomes of new patients...

article

Personalizing Your Airspace and Your Health∗

Sanjay Rajagopalan, Robert D. Brook

Journal of the American College of Cardiology > 2015 > 65 > 21 > 2288-2290

article

When and How to Recommend ‘Alternative Approaches’ in the Management of High Blood Pressure

Robert D. Brook, Elizabeth A. Jackson, Paolo Giorgini, Cheri L. McGowan

The American Journal of Medicine > 2015 > 128 > 6 > 567-570

Several nonpharmacologic therapies, such as sodium restriction and weight loss, have been promoted by hypertension guidelines based on the trial evidence supporting their capacity to lower blood pressure. However, many patients may not respond or be able to adhere to these nonpharmacologic treatments. Despite numerous formal diet and lifestyle recommendations, the prevalence of hypertension continues...

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INFONA - science communication portal

Search results for: Robert D. Brook

Optimal dynamic treatment regime estimation using information extraction from unstructured clinical text

Study protocol for a stepped-wedge randomized cookstove intervention in rural Honduras: household air pollution and cardiometabolic health

Hypertriglyceridaemia‐induced pancreatitis prompted by acute corticosteroid treatment: caution for clinicians

Exposure to household air pollution from biomass cookstoves and blood pressure among women in rural Honduras: A cross‐sectional study

Cardiac Troponin I and Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Personal-level exposure to environmental temperature is a superior predictor of endothelial-dependent vasodilatation than outdoor-ambient level

Extreme levels of ambient air pollution adversely impact cardiac and central aortic hemodynamics: the AIRCMD-China study

Pneumonia risk with inhaled fluticasone furoate and vilanterol in COPD patients with moderate airflow limitation: The SUMMIT trial

Isometric Handgrip as an Adjunct for Blood Pressure Control: a Primer for Clinicians

PROGNOSTIC IMPORTANCE OF BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE: THE SUMMIT TRIAL

HIGH-SENSITIVITY CARDIAC TROPONIN I AND RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH COPD AND HEIGHTENED CARDIOVASCULAR RISK: A BIOMARKER SUB-STUDY OF THE SUMMIT TRIAL

Long term exposure to NO2 and diabetes incidence in the Black Women's Health Study

Fluticasone furoate and vilanterol and survival in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with heightened cardiovascular risk (SUMMIT): a double-blind randomised controlled trial

CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOMES WITH AN INHALED LONG-ACTING BETA AGONIST AND CORTICOSTEROID IN PATIENTS WITH MODERATE CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AND HEIGHTENED CARDIOVASCULAR RISK: THE SUMMIT TRIAL

Acute increase in blood pressure during inhalation of coarse particulate matter air pollution from an urban location

GLP-1 Agonists and Blood Pressure: A Review of the Evidence

Coronary artery calcium in hypertension: a review

Medical nutrition therapy is the essential cornerstone for effective treatment of “refractory” severe hypertriglyceridemia regardless of pharmaceutical treatment: Evidence from a Lipid Management Program

Personalizing Your Airspace and Your Health∗

When and How to Recommend ‘Alternative Approaches’ in the Management of High Blood Pressure

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