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In this study, the cascading metal foams were used as catalyst supports for constructing a new type of cylindrical laminated methanol steam reforming microreactor for hydrogen production. The two-layer impregnation method was used to load the Cu/Zn/Al/Zr catalysts, and the ultrasonic vibration method was then employed to investigate the loading performance of metal foams with different types and thicknesses...
This work aims to evaluate the efficiencies of fly ash, fly ash-based geopolymer and faujasite block, which is transformed from geopolymer, as sorbents for lead (Pb) from aqueous solutions. Comparative experiments were performed to examine the mineralogical features of the fly ash, geopolymer and faujasite block and their adsorption capacities. Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic parameters were...
Aiming to reduce primary particulate matter (PM) emission from household coal combustion, we conducted experimental investigations on several coal properties that affect PM emission factors (EFs). Fourteen coal chunk samples with various volatile matter contents on dry and ash-free basis (Vdaf, 2.84–48.7%) were tested to examine the effect of coal volatile matter content. Eight coal briquette samples...
Steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) is a primary commercial in-situ thermal recovery method for oil sands/bitumen in Alberta, Canada. Evidence of initial water mobility during the SAGD processes has been observed by previous studies, yet little research has been done on its effects on SAGD performance. In this study, initial water movement ahead of the steam chamber is investigated and its effects...
Ionic liquids have been employed to pretreat coal to modify its network structure, and thus to improve the electroreduction activity of coal on a Ni–W–B catalytic electrode. Among the pretreatment solvents, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl) exhibits the best performance of coal extraction and swelling. The coal sample is pretreated by [Bmim]Cl at optimized temperature (150°C), then the...
A novel porous copper fiber sintered felt (PCFSF) as catalyst support is fabricated to construct the methanol steam reforming microreactor for hydrogen production. In this study, the heat and mass transfer properties of PCFSF with different porosities is experimentally investigated. The results show that the PCFSF with different porosities exhibits good uniform heat transfer. The thermal conductivity...
A novel combination method of γ-ray irradiation and electrochemical hydrogenation was developed for Shenhua coal liquefaction, which was enhanced to generate higher cathodic hydrogenation reaction current and better liquefaction yield. The irradiated coal and the liquefaction products were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller measurement (BET), infrared spectroscopy...
Layered nanoporous Ti/TiO2/Ni–W–B electrode is prepared through electrochemical anodization and electrodeposition for electrocatalytic reduction of coal. Extensive characterizations of the layered nanoporous Ti/TiO2/Ni–W–B electrode have been performed using techniques including scanning electronic microscopy, X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller and linear sweep voltammetry...
The electrochemical hydrogenation of coal on NiB, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) bond NiB and PVP-NiB/SiO 2 amorphous alloy catalysts was systematically investigated in the alkaline electrolyte. The catalysts were prepared by Watanabe method using borohydride reduction. Structural properties of the catalysts were characterized using XRD, IR, ICP, BET, TEM and XPS techniques. The activity of the...
This is a study on the feasibility of biodiesel preparation from a new and promising non-edible feedstock, Datura stramonium L. oil (DSO). First, important physical–chemical properties, such as oil content of seed (21.4wt%), acid value (7.93mgKOH/g) and fatty acid composition of expressed oil, were determined. Second, under the optimal two-step catalyzed reaction conditions, the maximum fatty acid...
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