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W artykule zostały przedstawione propozycje Murraya Newtona Rothbarda – jednego z głównych przedstawicieli libertarianizmu – na temat policji i sądów, czyli służb, które przez wielu są uważane jako konieczne do utrzymywania porządku w ramach równie koniecznego – ich zdaniem – państwa. Jak wiadomo, państwo nie posiada własnych pieniędzy, oprócz tych, które przymusem odbiera obywatelom w postaci podatków...
HaF is a family of hash functions developed by prof. Stokłosa and his team from Institute of Control and Information Engineering of Poznań University of Technology. HaF is classical Merkle-Damgård construction with output sizes of 256, 512 or 1024 bits. In this paper we will present an attack on all the members of HaF family with negligible complexity (collision for all the members can be found without...
Selective pressure from parasites is thought to maintain the polymorphism of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes. Although a number of studies have shown a relationship between the MHC and parasitic infections, the fitness consequences of such associations are less well documented. In the present paper, we characterised the variation in exon 2 of MHC class II DRB gene in the root vole and...
StreamHash 2 is a hash function proposed by Michał Trojnara at the Cryptography and Security Systems in 2011 Conference. This algorithm is a member of StreamHash family which was first introduced in 2008 during the SHA-3 Competition. In this paper we will show collision attacks on the internal state of the StreamHash 2 hash function with complexity about 2^8n for the 32n-bit version of the algorithm...
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) variability is believed to be maintained by balancing selection, whereby the major selective force is a wide range of pathogens interacting with their hosts. Pathogen-driven selection can be mediated through heterozygous advantage, frequency-dependent selection and/or fluctuating selection. There is growing evidence that MHC alleles are associated with resistance...
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