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To continue and improve the earlier studies by different authors [1-4], in 2011 the BIPM launched a pilot study on the accurate calibration for the UTC time links [5]. The goal is to unify the UTC time link calibration uncertainties ≤ 2 ns. This is attainable with the ‘one for all’ METODE scheme and a dedicatedly designed travelling calibrator (StdB). The METODE calibration result (CM) can be easily...
Reviewing calibration results over the history since early 1980's among several labs shows very mixed results. The best stabilities of GPS receivers, as given by calibrations, are of the order of a few nanoseconds or better over a year, though many results are quite a bit worse. Absolute calibrations show similar potential, though there are problems. We conclude that more calibrations and standard...
The calibration uncertainty (uB) is the dominant part in the total uncertainty budget of the UTC generation [1,3]. There are two calibration strategies: (a) Receiver calibration and (b) Time link calibration. The state-of-the-art [1,4,5] of the uB is of order 5 ns for GNSS time transfer based on the strategy (a) and is 1 ns for TWSTFT based on the strategy (b) in which the absolute offset is canceled...
The CCTF CGGTTS data formats are used worldwide in the applications of various societies from the UTC/TAI production and scientific studies to all levels of commercial usages. Its design was based on the GPS receiver technique in the 1980s. With the progress of the new GNSS receivers and new T/F transfer techniques, its short points are becoming evident, e.g. the convention that for a tracking arc...
In this paper we report a new experiment of the combined use of GPS and GLONASS for international time and frequency transfer using TTS-3 multi-channel multisystem receivers. The investigation was carried out on a baseline of about 1400 km between the Astrogeodynamical Observatory (AOS) in Poland and Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) in Sèvres. Unlike GPS, almost every GLONASS satellite...
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