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An electrically tunable mode is proposed to overcome the bottleneck problem of a conventional polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) grating and realize its low threshold and high contrast through an alignment-controlled PDLC. The results indicate that the threshold voltage VPP of the grating is as low as 0.75–0.8 V, the saturation voltage Vpp is 7 V and the contrast ratio of the grating reaches...
The results of the spectroscopic analysis of transition strengths for Er3+ ions in a series of Hf:Er:LiNbO3 crystals with variable Hf content and fixed Er content are reported. Unpolarized UV-VIS-NIR absorption spectra, upconversion fluorescence spectra excited at 800 nm, and microsecond time-resolved spectra excited at 400 nm and 800 nm by 800 nm femtosecond laser were measured at room temperature...
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