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We demonstrate a silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) Mach-Zehnder modulator suitable for 100 Gbit/s on-off keying (OOK) with peak-to-peak drive voltages of 1.4 V and energy consumption below 100 fJ/bit. Devices were fabricated using standard processes on a commercial silicon photonic platform.
The carrier-to-sideband ratio was improved more than 20 dB by using a SiO2 protection layer in antenna-coupled electro-optic phase modulators operating at 37 GHz based on an in-plane polymeric waveguide using the nonlinear polymer. We also demonstrate detection of 3-GHz modulation of the RF carrier.
We report the efficient poling for efficient poling of electro-optic (EO) polymer in a hybrid EO polymer/TiO2 vertical slot waveguide modulators based on enhanced conductivity of sol-gel silica under-cladding. The electrical volume conductivity of sol-gel silica cladding increases approximately 30 times when the calcining time of the cladding layer is critically reduced to 45 minutes, which increases...
We report antenna-coupled electro-optic phase modulators operating at Ka-band based on in-plane polymeric waveguides using the nonlinear guest-host polymer SEO125. Design, simulation, fabrication, and experimental results are discussed.
We report the optical transmission stability of polymeric electrooptic (EO) modulators with hybrid sol–gel silica/EO polymer waveguides. Waveguide transitions between the passive sol–gel silica core and the active EO polymer core are performed with gradual refractive index changes using gray-scaled photobleaching and a tapered structure; these transitions are adiabatic. The three-dimensional beam...
Summary form only given. Hybrid organic-solgel nonlinear materials are being investigated as high speed low voltage modulators. This paper provides a summary of our recent results in this area. Various design structures will be reviewed. We have also demonstrated near ~100% poling efficiency in several generations of hybrid electro-optic (EO) polymer/sol-gel waveguide modulators, using crosslinkable...
A proposed hybrid modulator structure reduces both the optical loss and half wave voltage (Vpi). A sol-gel waveguide core transversely sandwiched between electro-optic (EO) polymer cores without Y-branches to enable an adiabatic transition with higher mode confinement.
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