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Summary The estimation of cortical thickness (Ct.Th) and porosity (Ct.Po) at the tibia using axial transmission ultrasound was successfully validated ex vivo against site-matched micro-computed tomography. The assessment of cortical parameters based on full-spectrum guided-wave analysis might improve the prediction of bone fractures in a cost-effective and radiation-free manner. Purpose Cortical...
Cortical pores are determinants of the elastic properties and of the ultimate strength of bone tissue. An increase of the overall cortical porosity (Ct.Po) as well as the local coalescence of large pores cause an impairment of the mechanical competence of bone. Therefore, Ct.Po represents a relevant target for identifying patients with high fracture risk. However, given their small size, the in vivo...
In cortical bone, osteoporosis impacts both pore size and porosity. A theoretical model predicting ultrasonic parameters based on cortical micro-architectural parameters remains to be developed, and the independent effect of pore size and porosity on ultrasonic parameters remains unclear. Here, we propose a model predicting the attenuation, phase velocity and scattering mean free path (SMFP) in cortical...
We have investigated the feasibility of imaging cortical pores using ultrasound contrast agents (UCA). Cortical bone porosity and pore size are major factors in determining bone strength and toughness. Assessments on cortical pore properties can help to predict and prevent bone fractures. Because cortical pores are highly associated with blood vessels, imaging cortical bone microvascular perfusion...
Clinical studies using HRpQCT have revealed that cortical bone porosity is a major risk factor for fracture Not only average porosity but also pore size and local accumulation of large basic multicellular units (BMUs) have been associated with a reduction of the hip strength. However, an increase of cortical pore dimensions is poorly captured by X-ray based techniques. A previous in-silico study provided...
Cortical bone porosity (Ct. Po) and pore diameter (Po. Dm) are important factors in determining bone toughness and strength [1–2]. However, the current standard diagnosis, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), doesnot have the sensitivity to those factors. Due to the strong specular reflection from the bone surface and high acoustic attenuation of cortical bone tissue, conventional ultrasound is...
The role of quantitative ultrasound as a diagnostic and monitoring tool in bone pathologies has been widely investigated both experimentally and numerically. Recently, the numerical studies have focused on the exploitation of high-resolution imaging data of bone's microarchitecture in order to develop more realistic computational models of osteoporotic bones. In this work, we present numerical simulations...
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