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The performance of electrical resistance tomography (ERT) system is usually investigated by numerical simulation or static tests using some simple phantoms. The objective of this paper is to construct a coupling simulation model for ERT. In this model, the distribution information of multi-phase flow is exchanged between the fluid field and electric field. The measured voltages from the electrodes...
Image reconstruction for electrical resistance tomography is an ill-posed and ill-conditioned problem. To enhance the image quality, a regularized method should be applied for the image reconstruction. However, most of the existing algorithms are based on a sensitivity matrix calculated according to each pixel. In this paper, a new extended sensitivity matrix is designed and used for image reconstruction...
The multiple electrode excitation strategy has been applied in two-dimensional electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) sensors to improve the image quality. The aim of this research is to investigate the performance of multi-electrode excitation strategy in three-dimensional (3D) ECT sensor. Three different excitation strategies are considered for comparison, including the single-electrode excitation,...
Electrical resistance tomography is a soft-field tomography technique, i.e. the electrical field is changed everywhere in the sensing area with the change of conductivity in any pixel. To improve the image quality, an extended sensitivity matrix is designed in this paper. The base conductivity elements in the extended sensitivity matrix are consisted of a series of blocks with different number of...
In this paper, an ECT sensor with 12 external electrodes and 4 internal electrodes (IEE) is designed to investigate the quality of reconstructed images in circular and annular areas. The sensitivity distribution and the capacitance between different electrode pairs are calculated using a finite element method (FEM), and then used to reconstruct images using Landweber iteration algorithm. For the circular...
It is assumed that the spatial resolution of the reconstructed images with an electrical resistance tomography (ERT) system can be improved by increasing the number of measurement electrodes. In this paper, the issues with the number of electrodes will be discussed. To analyze the effect of the number of electrodes on the quality of reconstructed images, ERT sensors with different number of electrodes—8,...
To investigate the gas-solid flows in a circulating fluidised bed with multi-cyclone separators, a circular ECT sensor and rectangular ECT sensor are designed and used to measure the solids distribution in a cross-section in the inlet and standpipe of cyclone separator respectively. The rectangular ECT sensor has 12 electrodes with two in each shorter side and four in each longer side. The circular...
This paper introduces the development of logistical mode of agricultural products in China and analyzes our current agricultural logistical mode. Then presents our own views on the choice of China's agricultural logistical mode and points out the direction of agricultural logistical development in the future. China's agricultural logistics is in the state of low levels, which spend long time, use...
A rectangular electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) sensor has been designed and used to measure the solids distribution in a cross-section in an inlet of cyclone separator for a supper-critical pressure circulating fluidised bed (CFB). The ECT sensor has twelve electrodes with two in each shorter side and four in each longer side. For image reconstruction, sensitivity maps have been calculated...
Fluidised beds are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry for granulation, drying and coating. The product quality strongly depends on the operation parameters and process conditions, e.g. inlet airflow rate, temperature and spraying flow rate. For granulation and drying processes, the flow conditions can change dramatically due to different moisture level, because of the change in physical characteristics...
A novel criterion for neutral current differential protection is presented in this paper, which is based on a full research into exist neutral current differential protection schemes used in transmission lines. Compared to traditional ones, the novel criterion can improve the sensitivity under internal fault conditions and improve reliability under external fault conditions. More importantly, the...
Based on the analysis of operation criteria of line current differential relays, this paper proposed a new criterion. Comparing with the existing ones, the proposed criterion has a higher sensitivity for internal faults and more dependability for external faults. Combined with fault components, the new operation criterion offers better performance. Theory calculation and RTDS simulation conducted...
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