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In this paper, a new single element wideband cavity backed multi-layer microstrip patch antenna is presented. For this antenna, rectangular patch and circular cavity has been used. This antenna is designed for 79 GHz short range radar applications, and is fabricated with advanced high resolution “Any-Layer” PCB technology. It has a wide bandwidth of 12.44 GHz, which is 15.6% of the center frequency...
This paper reports on a 4 GHz microwave droplet heater for digital microfluidics. The uniplanar device was fabricated using a gold-on-quartz process and was optimized for uniform heating within a 1 μL droplet. Microwave measurements show excellent agreement with COMSOL simulations. The uniformity of the induced temperature within the droplet was experimentally validated using fluorescence microscopy...
In this paper, new wideband cavity backed aperture coupled microstrip antenna is presented for 79 GHz MIMO radar applications. This designs is based on a sub-arrays consisting of two single elements, which have stacked rectangular patch radiators. A microstrip to stripline transition and a series feeding topology is used to feed the elements. The antennas are manufactured by using a new high resolution...
In this paper, a new cavity backed microstrip patch antenna sub-array, which is fabricated in an advanced high resolution multi-layer PCB technology is presented. This sub-array consists of two corporate fed elements. To reduce backside radiation, a microstrip to stripline transition is used for connecting the IC's on the other side of the board. This antenna is designed for 79 GHz radar applications,...
This paper presents a novel coplanar waveguide transmission line microwave heater, realized on a high-resistivity silicon wafer with etched microfluidic channels that is bonded to a glass wafer. The heater is a 50 Ohm line with variable attenuation constant along the length of the line. This design results in a uniform energy dissipation in water filled channels, and obviates the need for additional...
Modelling at gigahertz frequencies is often based on (non)linear microwave/millimeter wave measurements. These measurements are usually considered ideal in modelling procedures. In this work, we demonstrate how measurement uncertainty may impact model extraction in two application areas: biofluidic modelling and large-signal transistor modelling.
In this paper, a new single element broad band cavity backed multi-layer microstrip patch antenna is presented. This antenna is designed to be used in 79 GHz MIMO radar applications, and is fabricated with advanced high resolution multi-layer PCB technology. It has a wide bandwidth of 11.43 GHz, which is 14.5% of the center frequency. The beam widths in both E and H-planes are very wide, and are 144...
An integrated high dynamic range approach is presented to accurately measure the radiation pattern, the scattering parameters, and the gain of integrated on-wafer antennas operating in the millimeter-wave frequency band. To avoid interconnection problems such as connector mounting, RF probes are used to connect to the antenna. This measurement system is specially designed to avoid scattering and parasitic...
This paper proposes an optimized microwave heater at 20 GHz for nanoliter scale liquid samples in digital microfluidics. The developed measurement setup allows translating of the reflection coefficient of the heater to the temperature change of the water droplet via the temperature dependency of the liquid permittivity, thus avoiding a contact-based temperature measurement. Measurements have been...
In this paper we introduce a bottom-up microwave and millimeter wave modeling strategy for membrane bound biological systems. The approach is based on the stepwise integration of bulk liquid and membrane dielectric spectroscopy data into 3D biophysical models that are amenable to efficient electromagnetic computation. The purpose of this modeling effort is to develop more understanding of microwave...
This paper presents a calibration method for broadband dielectric spectroscopy of micro-liter samples of biological liquids with transmission line sensors up to 110 GHz. The method uses water and methanol as calibration liquids to perform a probe-tip-to-liquid calibration without prior knowledge of their complex permittivity. Extracted complex permittivities of the calibration liquids show good agreement...
This paper presents a reflection-type 90 GHz substrate integrated cavity resonator sensor realized in LTCC technology for lab-on-chip microfluidic applications. A linear relationship between the resonance frequency of the sensor and the permittivity of the material under test was observed from measurements on low-loss materials. Calibration curves are also obtained for water-isopropanol mixtures which...
This paper reports on dielectric spectroscopy for microliter liquid samples using reference materials. In order to fully determine the calibration coefficients, air and water are used as known reference materials, while methanol is used as an unknown material, which is also used to validate the approach up to 5 GHz for which reference data is available. The method is then used up to 110 GHz for yeast...
We present in this paper an inexpensive sensor realized on printed circuit board for broadband dielectric characterization of both liquids and solids. It is based on a CPW-CPW transition and statistical calibration. The specific property of the approach is that no assumption regarding cascading transmission lines with different properties has to be made as permittivity is obtained by a single-tier...
This p aper deals with the measurement of cell suspensions at millimeter wave frequencies between 30 GHz and 110 GHz using a CPW test fixture and an on-wafer network analyzer set-up. The measurement results show that yeast cell suspension with concentration as low as 4 million cells/ml or 4 cells/nl can be distinguished from water by their dielectric constants at millimeter wave frequencies. High...
This paper reports on V- and W-band uniplanar probe feeds from microstrip to buried substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) in LTCC technology. For the V- and W-band designs respectively, the measured mid-band insertion loss is 0.24 dB and 0.47 dB with relative bandwidths of 40% and 27 %. The measured average waveguide attenuation is 0.057 dB/mm for V-band and 0.15 dB/mm for W-band. These feeds enable...
This paper presents a 60 GHz liquid sensing cavity resonator realized in LTCC technology for liquid sensing applications, such as in lab-on-chip microfluidics. The LTCC cavity senses the liquid through means of an opening in the cavity's bottom metal layer. Different liquids underneath the cavity result in different resonant frequencies and coupling levels of the cavity. Measurements were performed...
In this paper we describe the dielectric characterization up to 110 GHz of various liquids and biological tissues using an on-wafer technique. The materials are placed in a PDMS container and placed on top of a CPW line fabricated on LTCC. The method uses a multi-step method to extract the propagation constant of the CPW line covered by material under test (MUT), which is then used to extract the...
This paper presents work on a CPW liquid sensor realized in LTCC technology. Challenges of using the sensor at millimeter wave frequencies are discussed. A solution is proposed to obtain measurements with higher accuracy. Measurements of water-methanol mixtures agree well with theoretical models up to 110 GHz, showing the sensor's potential of cell-solution sensing at millimeter wave frequencies.
In this paper we report an on-wafer waveguide tuner set-up and demonstrate its use in the design of an off-chip cavity based oscillator MMIC for 60 GHz. Measured oscillators discussed in the paper operated at frequencies of 59.3579 GHz, 59.3581 and 60.4495GHz with phase noise levels at 1MHz carrier offset of -122.68 dBcHz-1, -123.11 dBcHz-1 and -120.75 dBcHz-1 respectively. To the authors' knowledge,...
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