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Partial Discharge (PD) occurs when insulation containing defects or voids is subject to high voltages. If left untreated PD can degrade insulation until, eventually, catastrophic insulation failure occurs. The detection of PD current pulses, however, can allow incipient insulation faults to be identified, located and repaired prior to plant failure. Wireless technology has paved the path for PD detection...
The work reported in this paper addresses the calibration of four types of partial discharge (PD) emulator required for the development of a PD Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Three partial discharge (PD) emulators have been constructed: a floating-electrode emulator, and two internal PD emulators. Both DC and AC HV power supplies are used to initiate PD which is measured using concurrent free-space...
Monitoring of partial discharge (PD) activity within high voltage electrical environments is frequently used for the assessment of insulation condition. Traditional measurement techniques employ technologies that require either offline installation or high power consumption and cost. A wireless sensor network is proposed that utilizes only received signal strength to locate partial discharge within...
Partial discharge (PD) is an electrical discharge that occurs within part of the dielectric separating two HV (High Voltage) conductors. PD causes damage to the dielectric which typically deteriorates with time. If left untreated, PD may result in catastrophic insulation failure, destruction of HV equipment, and disruption of power supply. The emergence of wireless network technology and software...
A useful technique to estimate the degradation of insulation in high voltage (HV) installations is the measurement of partial discharge (PD). Free-space radiometric (FSR) detection of PD is a relatively new technique. Several types of PD emulator sources have been constructed: two internal PD emulators and a floating electrode emulator. The emulators have been simulated using the CST Microwave Studio...
Partial discharge is measured simultaneously using free-space radiometry (FSR) and a galvanic contact measurement technique based on the IEC 60270 standard. Several types of PD (Partial Discharge) sources are specially constructed: two internal PD emulators and an emulator of the floating-electrode type. The excitation applied to the source is AC and the radiated signal is captured using a wideband...
Partial discharge (PD) is measured simultaneously using free-space radiometric (FSR) and a galvanic contact measurement technique based on the IEC 60270 standard. The PD source is an emulator of the floating-electrode type. The radiated signal is captured using a biconical antenna. A method of estimating absolute partial discharge (PD) activity level from a radiometric measurement by relating effective...
Partial discharge (PD) is one of the predominant factors to be controlled to ensure reliability and undisrupted functions of power generators, motors, Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) and grid connected power distribution equipment, especially in the future smart grid. The emergence of wireless technology has provided numerous opportunities to optimise remote monitoring and control facilities that can...
An experimental assessment of the impact of the electromagnetic environment of a 400 kV substation on the performance of ZigBee equipment is described. The experimental assessment includes a pragmatic field trial and a laboratory test. The laboratory test, in which all external noise and interference are excluded, is used as a control. A simple set of metrics are used to compare the performance of...
Partial discharge (PD) is a well-known indicator of the failure of insulators in electrical plant. Operators are pushing toward lower operating cost and higher reliability and this stimulates a demand for a diagnostic system capable of accurately locating PD sources especially in ageing electricity substations. Existing techniques used for PD source localisation can be prohibitively expensive. In...
This paper studies novel localization methods of multiple partial discharge sources in electrical substations. The three compressive sensing algorithms of Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP), Homotopy technique, and Dichotomous coordinate descent (DCD) are presented. The simulation results demonstrate excellent performance with the compressive sensing methods.
Two partial discharge (PD) measurement techniques, a contact measurement technique (similar to the IEC 60270 standard measurement) and a free-space radiation (FSR) measurement technique, are compared for the case of a floating electrode PD source. The discharge pulse shapes and PD characteristics under high voltage DC conditions are obtained. A comparison shows greater similarity between the two measurements...
Partial discharge (PD) measurement is an established high voltage insulation monitoring technique used to facilitate the detection of incipient faults in high voltage apparatus. Based on the great importance of the power system, is constant the research about the nature and characteristics of PD sources. A low-cost, free-standing, radiometric, partial discharge wireless sensor network (PD WSN) is...
As research interest in the Internet of Things continue to grow, concerns are raised regarding potential limitations of the current body of knowledge on performance engineering for wireless links. Best practices in this thematic area have insofar largely been focused on human-to-human communications (e.g., wide area cellular wireless networks) and traffic patterns emerging from human actions (e.g...
Extensive research has been conducted on unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), used for critical applications, such as military or search and rescue operations. As all those unmanned vehicles use wireless communications due to mobility constraints, it is therefore important to further define the limits of high reliability communication links in operational environments. The practical importance of this...
The work reported here is part of a PhD research relates to the development of a new type of radiometric system applied to detection of partial discharges signals. A simulation model for the radiometric transmission of a partial discharge pulse is presented. The model is based on a replay model, which acts as a source, which is based on real data to simulate the pulses. The structure considers losses...
Partial discharge measurement has long been used to evaluate insulation system design and as a quality assurance test for High Voltage (HV) apparatus prior to installation. PD is characterized by high frequency current pulses originating in gas ionization processes when damaged insulation is submitted to high values of electric field. PD process modeling allows a better understanding of the phenomena...
The smart grid paradigm is set to revolutionize electrical energy delivery over the next two decades. The advantages will be manifold but the challenges to realization will be correspondingly great and the cost will be large. The probable structure of the smart power grid is reviewed and contrasted with that of the traditional grid. The requirements of the communications component of the smart grid...
A physical layer performance evaluation of WLAN (IEEE 802.11b) and Zigbee (IEEE 802.15.4) receivers in the presence of impulsive noise is presented. Broadband impulsive noise is modeled as a Symmetric Alpha-Stable process. The parameters of the impulsive noise model are estimated from data recorded from an electricity transmission substation (ETS). The results show that the performance degradation...
A self-calibrating wireless sensor network (WSN) of radiometers designed to detect PD radiation is proposed as a low-cost approach to real-time condition monitoring, asset management and operational optimization in the future smart grid. The principles of the proposed PD WSN are described in detail. Some early progress in the development of subsystems for a proof-of-principle prototype is also presented.
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