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Anaesthetists have a higher incidence of substance use disorder when compared with other doctors. This might be due to the ease of access to intravenous opioids, propofol, midazolam, inhalational agents and other anaesthetic drugs. Alcohol use disorder continues to be the most common problem. Unfortunately, the first sign that something is amiss might be the anaesthetist's death from an accidental...
Anaesthetists are thought to be at increased risk of suicide amongst the medical profession. The aims of the following guidelines are: increase awareness of suicide and associated vulnerabilities, risk factors and precipitants; to emphasise safe ways to respond to individuals in distress, both for them and for colleagues working alongside them; and to support individuals, departments and organisations...
This paper proposes a semi-flooded cooling concept for a high speed machine design. The electrical machine considered is for an aircraft starter-generator system where power density and efficiency are crucial. In order to achieve the high power density permanent magnet machine, a direct oil cooling strategy for the machine stator is adopted. A stator oil sleeve is designed to separate the machine...
This paper proposes a distributed speed control with improved power sharing capability for multi-three phase synchronous machines. This control technique allows the speed to be precisely regulated during power sharing transients among different drives. The proposed regulator is able to control the time constant of the current within the dq0 reference frame to a step input variation. If compared to...
The on-going electrification transportation system revolution has already started and the continuous evolution of power electronics allows new and more reliable system layouts and control strategies to be investigated. Mainly, this revolution is driven by increased reliability levels. Since multi-three phase motors are fault tolerant by definition, they are a very good candidate for more reliable...
Bearingless motors combine in the same structure the characteristics of conventional motors and magnetic bearings. Traditional bearingless machines rely on two independent sets of winding for suspension force and torque production, respectively. The proposed Multi-Sector Permanent Magnet (MSPM) motor exploits the spatial distribution of the multi-three-phase windings within the stator circumference...
This paper deals with the uniform and non-uniform axial eccentricity analyses of the surface mounted permanent magnet and synchronous reluctance machines. The analyses are carried out using an analytical model for each considered machine. Being the axial eccentricity a 3D physical phenomenon, the standard sliding approach used in the analytical models has been validated through accurate 3D FE simulations...
The paper presents a comparative study among three methods which allow to estimate induction machines performance through finite element analysis. The first two approaches evaluate the performance by means of a non-linear circuital approach whose parameters are calculated by a specific set of finite element simulations. Those two strategies differ each other on the calculations performed for the circuital...
Optical fibres have been explored widely for their sensing capability to meet increasing industrial needs, building on their success in telecommunications. This paper provides a review of research activities at City University of London in response to industrial challenges through the development of a range of fibre Bragg grating (FBG)-based sensors for transportation structural monitoring. For marine...
A new advanced fault tolerant control technique for a triple three-phase Surface Permanent Magnet (SPM) machine is investigated in this paper. The machine has a nine-phase winding arranged in three sectors and supplied by three different Voltage Source Inverters (VSIs). The proposed current control technique is firstly exploited to avoid the radial force appearance in case of open winding of one machine...
The power generation industry has recently started to invest interest and focus on the single-phase operation of traditional three-phase, wound-field, synchronous generators. This is partially due to a combination of customer requirements and the need to understand the extent of flexibility in their current products. This paper deals with an in-detail analysis of a salient-pole, wound-field, three-phase...
This paper investigates the capability of both permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) and permanent magnet flux switching (PMFS) machine to provide high torque to inertia ratio for applications with demanding response in terms of acceleration and fast dynamic. The PMSM has higher torque density and efficiency among different electrical machines. However, the presence of the permanent magnets...
This paper presents a versatile tool for development, control and testing of power electronics converters. In the last decade, many different expensive off-the-shelf tools for rapid prototyping and testing have been developed and commercialised by few market players. Recently, the increasing diffusion of low cost, Do It Yourself targeted development tools gained market shares previously controlled...
A new multiphase Surface Permanent Magnet (SPM) machine design is investigated in this paper. The machine has a nine-phase winding arranged in three sectors and supplied by three different Voltage Source Inverters (VSI). Stator segmentation between these sectors is analyzed to improve the machine performance and fault tolerant behaviour. A new adaptable control technique is developed for the different...
The radial force control technique for a triple three-phase Surface Permanent Magnet (SPM) machine is investigated in this paper. The machine has a nine-phase winding arranged in three sectors and supplied by three different Voltage Source Inverters (VSI). A machine model is developed, based on the multi space vector approach. The multi space vector current control technique is exploited to control...
This paper shows the results of an intention to design of surface mounted permanent magnet (SMPM) machines with self-sensing capabilities determining design parameters by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). A methodology will be presented which will look at the use of PSO to close up the torque to the highest values as possible and to maximize the self-sensing properties of such machines. A PSO environment...
A mathematical model enabling to predict the electromagnetic x−y forces and torque for a given input current in a Multi-Sector Permanent Magnet Synchronous (MSPMS) machine is presented. The rotor static eccentricity is also accounted and the analytical calculations are validated by means Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Furthermore, a novel force and torque control is proposed based on input current...
Discrete sub-system due to passive elements in motor drive require functional and structural integration to make efficient and power dense overall system. Such power dense system is the prerequisite in aerospace and marine applications. This paper presents the design optimization of integrated rotor-less inductors for high speed AC drive applications. Different slot-pole combinations are considered...
This paper investigates detailed aspects involved in the electrical machine topology selection for high speed automotive superchargers, through a case study involving a 48V 15kW peak application. The transient nature of the application is taken into account together with the different cooling options available to the electrical machine within the vehicle.
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