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Previously, we showed that in randomised experiments, correction for measurement error in a baseline variable induces bias in the estimated treatment effect, and conversely that ignoring measurement error avoids bias. In observational studies, non‐zero baseline covariate differences between treatment groups may be anticipated. Using a graphical approach, we argue intuitively that if baseline differences...
When estimating the treatment effect in a randomized controlled trial, it is common to have a continuous outcome which is also observed at baseline. These observations are often prone to measurement error, for example due to within-patient variability. Controversy exists in the literature about whether baseline measurement error should be adjusted for in this context. Computer simulations were used...
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