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Sensory parameters of gluten-free bread depend on the amount and type of hydrocolloids used as gluten replacers, as this determines interactions between them and starch, which is the main component of dough. The evaluation of gluten-free breads supplemented with various amounts of guar gum, pectin and xanthan, proved that bread with addition of xanthan has higher volume in comparison with pectin-guar...
The retrogradation susceptibility of starch determines consumer suitability of food products rich in this polymer. Starch isolated from flour obtained from rye variety ‘Amilo’, which displays very low amylolytic activity, contains highest amounts of amylose and exhibits strong retrogradation susceptibility. Flour from rye ‘Dankowskie Złote’ and commercial rye flour type 720, that have higher amylolytic...
Effect of alpha-amylase from fungi and bacteria on extending bread freshness was compared to this of scalded flour. The dough prepared by using Bulk Fermentation Process was supplemented with bacterial and fungal amylases or scalded flour. After baking and cooling loaf volume was measured and bread mechanical properties were estimated using a texture analyser. Texture studies were then repeated after...
4 Austrian varieties of rye (‘Walstaudenroggen’, ‘Echo’, ‘Schlager’ and ‘Esprit’) and one Polish variety (‘Dańkowskie Złote’) were investigated. There were differences in grains composition as well as in starch properties. Among all varieties, the best one ‘Waldstaudenroggen’ was distinguished due to a high content of soluble carbohydrates, Iow level of amylose and high molecular mass of starch. Basing...
Properties of grain and starch from varieties of wheat with different technological quality were measured. It appeared that besides the well known wheat properties such as high gluten content and medium enzymatic activity, the content of soluble carbohydrates is also important from the baking point of view. Moreover, medium solubility, not too low phosphorus content and high molecular mass of starch...
The use of pullulanase preparation was checked as a method to obtain long unbranched glucans from native starch. Different starch sources as well as various solubilisation procedures were tried in order to choose the optimal one. Dissolving in NaOH proved to be suitable for all starch sources, while autoclave should be avoided in case of cereal starches. Potato starch gave clear solutions irrespective...
Activity of two commercial pullulanase preparations has been compared with biochemical grade enzyme from Sigma. Of them PULLUZYME 750 was chosen as a reagent for hydrolysis of raw starch granules from different botanical species. The obtained results suggest that high amylose corn starch and native potato starch are more resistant to pullulanase action than wheat starch which under the action of this...
The quality of gluten-free bread, obtained by using pectin, guar gum and their 1:1 mixture was compared. Basing on the distribution of carbohydrate fractions present in crumb extracts, acquired using size exclusion chromatography, the trial to explain differences in interactions between these hydrocolloids and corn starch was made.
In the study on pastes: native potato, wheat and corn and those segregated according to granule size as well as pastes of native oat special consideration was given to soluble and insoluble fractions of 2.5% pastes obtained at 90oC. Those fractions were analysed using gel chromatography. Ratio of amylose to amylopectin in supernatant and in sediment were calculated and differences were demonstrated...
The research was carried out on the grain of wheat classified to different quality classes (A, В or C) grown in 1998-1999. Protein content, wet gluten were measured, and bread was baked from flour. When starch was extracted from the flour, the following analyses were performed: amylose and phosphorus content, and its swelling and pasting characteristics. It was stated that investigated starches from...
Starches such as potato, corn and wheat with 16 and 24% of moisture content were extruded in a single-screw extruder. Moisture content determines extruded starch properties. Extrudates from starch with a lower moisture content (16%) are characterized by lower density, higher expansion ratio, lower hardness and force used for crumbling as well as lower water binding capacity and higher solubility in...
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