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Type II diabetes, in its late stages, is often associated with the formation of extracellular islet amyloid deposits composed of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP or amylin). IAPP is stored before secretion at millimolar concentrations within secretory granules inside the β-cells. Of interest, at these same concentrations in vitro, IAPP rapidly aggregates and forms fibrils, yet within secretory granules...
In previous in vivo studies, amyloid fibers formed from a peptide ubiquitous in human seminal fluid (semen-derived enhancer of viral infection (SEVI)) were found to dramatically enhance the infectivity of the HIV virus (3–5 orders of magnitude by some measures). To complement those studies, we performed in vitro assays of PAP248-286, the most active precursor to SEVI, and other polycationic polymers...
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