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A new CMOS current attenuator circuit is designed and demonstrated. The purpose of this circuit is to attenuate steady state current in conjunction with CMOS ADC readout circuits for electrochemical sensing applications. The circuit has been fabricated in a 5 V AMS CMOS process. Salient features include: (1) bi-directional input current range from 25 nA to 300 nA; (2) current attenuation of 55 dB;...
Molten salt is a corrosive, high temperature environment which is extremely challenging for sensing technologies. Microelectrodes are well-positioned as high fidelity electrochemical sensors and previous work has delivered microelectrodes capable of operating in such conditions. However, the lifetime of these sensors requires improvement. This work investigates the origins of device failure.
During the 1980s, whole effluent toxicity testing was incorporated into the regulatory control program for municipal and industrial effluents in the USA, as a complement to chemical-specific limitations. While regulating effluent toxicity offered several advantages, it also required the development of means to identify and control sources of toxicity within effluents, which could include toxicants...
SU-8 is a negative epoxy based photoresist, which is widely used as a structural and dielectric layer in the fabrication of MEMS devices. However this material normally develops high levels of stress during processing. This paper reports detailed quantitative data following previous work, where Parylene-C has been proposed as a possible replacement for SU-8. In particular, this paper details the characterisation...
Nickel-iron alloys have useful magnetic properties that are of interest to the MEMS industry, but the high stress levels that can develop during the fabrication process pose a real challenge. This paper addresses the characterisation of NiFe films using suspended rotating structures, electrical test structures and X-ray fluorescence measurements. An automated measurement system has been developed,...
Previously reported suspended microrotating test structures designed to measure the stress in thick layers of electroplated Permalloy (NiFe alloy) have been analysed using finite element modelling and compared with experimental measurements. These results have been used to optimise a stress sensor test structure and design a new mask, with an array of test structures specifically designed to wafer...
SU-8, an epoxy based negative photoresist, is widely used in the manufacture of micromechanical systems but can exhibit significant levels of stress build-up during processing. This paper describes micromechanical test structures that provide the opportunity to spatially characterise stress the in SU-8 at different stages of the process. The structures are fabricated in a thick layer of SU-8 and are...
Scientific advances depend increasingly on agility in the analysis of data, along with access to massive computation. The PetaCache project addresses the data-access issue by recognizing that the future for intense, non-sequential, data access must be based on low latency solid-state storage. The PetaCache architecture aims at a minimum unit cost, highly scalable hardware and software approach that...
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