Search results for: Sjoerd B. Vos
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Objective
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) affects brain networks and is associated with impairment of episodic memory. Temporal and extratemporal reorganization of memory functions is described in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. Functional reorganizations have been shown at the local activation level, but network‐level alterations have been underinvestigated. We aim to investigate...
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Objective
Recent work has shown that people with common epilepsies have characteristic patterns of cortical thinning, and that these changes may be progressive over time. Leveraging a large multicenter cross‐sectional cohort, we investigated whether regional morphometric changes occur in a sequential manner, and whether these changes in people with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis...
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Individuals with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) may have significant language deficits. Language capabilities may further decline following temporal lobe resections. The language network, comprising dispersed gray matter regions interconnected with white matter fibers, may be atypical in individuals with TLE. This review explores the structural changes to the language network and the functional reorganization...
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Annals of Neurology > 91 > 1 > 131 - 144
Objective
Postoperative memory decline is an important consequence of anterior temporal lobe resection (ATLR) for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), and the extent of resection may be a modifiable factor. This study aimed to define optimal resection margins for cognitive outcome while maintaining a high rate of postoperative seizure freedom.
Methods
This cohort study evaluated the resection extent on...
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Human Brain Mapping > 43 > 1 > 113 - 128
Epilepsy is a common and serious neurological disorder, with many different constituent conditions characterized by their electro clinical, imaging, and genetic features. MRI has been fundamental in advancing our understanding of brain processes in the epilepsies. Smaller‐scale studies have identified many interesting imaging phenomena, with implications both for understanding pathophysiology and...
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Objective
To identify functional and structural alterations in language networks of people with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), who frequently present with naming and word‐finding difficulties.
Methods
Fifty‐five patients with unilateral TLE (29 left) and 16 controls were studied with auditory and picture naming functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tasks. Activation maxima in the left posterobasal...
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European Journal of Neuroscience > 53 > 8 > 2788 - 2803
Previous studies investigating associations between white matter alterations and duration of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) have shown differing results, and were typically limited to univariate analyses of tracts in isolation. In this study, we apply a multivariate measure (the Mahalanobis distance), which captures the distinct ways white matter may differ in individual patients, and relate this to...
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Objective
To compare the location of suspect lesions detected by computational analysis of multimodal magnetic resonance imaging data with areas of seizure onset, early propagation, and interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) identified with stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) in a cohort of patients with medically refractory focal epilepsy and radiologically normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)...
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Objective
Our objective was to identify whether the whole‐brain structural network alterations in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures (FBTCS) differ from alterations in patients without FBTCS.
Methods
We dichotomized a cohort of 83 drug‐resistant patients with TLE into those with and without FBTCS and compared each group to 29 healthy controls...
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Objectives
Hypoxia, or abnormally low blood‐oxygen levels, often accompanies seizures and may elicit brain structural changes in people with epilepsy which contribute to central processes underlying sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). The extent to which hypoxia may be related to brain structural alterations in this patient group remains unexplored.
Methods
We analyzed high‐resolution...
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Objective
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is the most common genetic generalized epilepsy syndrome. Myoclonus may relate to motor system hyperexcitability and can be provoked by cognitive activities. To aid genetic mapping in complex neuropsychiatric disorders, recent research has utilized imaging intermediate phenotypes (endophenotypes). Here, we aimed to (a) characterize activation profiles of...
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Annals of Neurology > 88 > 1 > 170 - 182
Objective
Cognitive problems, especially disturbances in episodic memory, and hippocampal sclerosis are common in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), but little is known about the relationship of hippocampal morphology with memory. We aimed to relate hippocampal surface‐shape patterns to verbal and visual learning.
Methods
We analyzed hippocampal surface shapes on high‐resolution magnetic resonance images...
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To examine the shared familial contribution to hippocampal and extrahippocampal morphological abnormalities in patients with sporadic temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and their unaffected siblings.
Methods
We collected clinical, electrophysiological, and T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of 18 sporadic patients with TLE without lesions other than hippocampal sclerosis (12...
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Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is the most common cause of drug‐resistant temporal lobe epilepsy, and its accurate detection is important to guide epilepsy surgery. Radiological features of HS include hippocampal volume loss and increased T2 signal, which can both be quantified to help improve detection. In this work, we extend these quantitative methods to generate cross‐sectional area and...
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Objective
Various forms of vascular imaging are performed to identify vessels that should be avoided during stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) planning. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is the gold standard for intracranial vascular imaging. DSA is an invasive investigation, and a balance is necessary to identify all clinically relevant vessels and not to visualize irrelevant vessels that may...
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Objective
The processes underlying sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) remain elusive, but centrally mediated cardiovascular or respiratory collapse is suspected. Volume changes in brain areas mediating recovery from extreme cardiorespiratory challenges may indicate failure mechanisms and allow prospective identification of SUDEP risk.
Methods
We retrospectively imaged SUDEP cases (n = 25),...
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Objective
To investigate the effects of sodium channel–blocking antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) language network activations in patients with focal epilepsy.
Methods
In a retrospective study, we identified patients who were treated at the time of language fMRI scanning with either carbamazepine (CBZ; n = 42) or lamotrigine (LTG; n = 42), but not another...
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International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery > 2018 > 13 > 6 > 935-946
Purpose The accurate and automatic localisation of SEEG electrodes is crucial for determining the location of epileptic seizure onset. We propose an algorithm for the automatic segmentation of electrode bolts and contacts that accounts for electrode bending in relation to regional brain anatomy. Methods Co-registered post-implantation CT, pre-implantation MRI, and brain parcellation images are used...
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NeuroImage: Clinical > 2018 > 18 > C > 202-214
Temporal lobe surgical resection brings seizure remission in up to 80% of patients, with long-term complete seizure freedom in 41%. However, it is unclear how surgery impacts on the structural white matter network, and how the network changes relate to seizure outcome.We used white matter fibre tractography on preoperative diffusion MRI to generate a structural white matter network, and postoperative...
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Objective
Hippocampal sclerosis (HS), the most common cause of refractory temporal lobe epilepsy, is associated with hippocampal volume loss and increased T2 signal. These can be identified on quantitative imaging with hippocampal volumetry and T2 relaxometry. Although hippocampal segmentation for volumetry has been automated, T2 relaxometry currently involves subjective and time‐consuming manual...
