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Parasites can modify the phenotype of their hosts, altering host vulnerability to predation. Trophically-transmitted parasites often use host manipulation to increase their probability of transmission to the next host or reduce their chances of being consumed by the wrong species. However, phenotypic changes may actually increase the host’s vulnerability to other predators that are ‘dead-ends’ for...
The potential for local biodiversity to ‘dilute’ infection risk has been shown to be particularly important in aquatic trematodes, where non-host organisms can feed on free-living infective stages (cercariae) and reduce transmission rates to target hosts. Non-host organisms could also impact transmission during other stages of the trematode life cycle. In Philophthalmus spp., cercariae encyst as metacercariae...
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