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Using the Polish National Corpus (NKJP), the author discusses 31 Polish reinforcing adverbs to determine the degree of their semantic specificity and freedom of connection with adjectives. Empowering adverbs express the person’s judgement, attitudes, and emotions. The author shows that most of the reinforcing adverbs have not deviated from their etymology, even though they are considered synonyms...
The paper addresses cultural differences between Polish and English as they pertain to familial terms of address. Using corpus data, I demonstrate that Polish parents frequently address their children using hypocoristic forms of the terms syn ‘son’, córka ‘daughter’ and dziecko ‘child’. These forms convey affection and emphasize familial ties. English parents, on the other hand, use children’s names,...
This paper presents a Relational Grammar analysis of the Polish Object Control Construction (OCC) and considers the viability of clause reduction as a universal analysis of reduced constructions. Polish OCC sentences parallel Romance reduced sentences in exhibiting both monoclausal and biclausal characteristics. To the extent that the OCC and reduced constructions in other languages are a reflex of...
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