Search results for: S. Dokos
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Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica > 140 > 5 > 408 - 425
Objective
To examine the clinical outcomes of ECT unilateral placements compared in prior studies and apply insights from computational modelling to understand differences between placements.
Methods
PubMed, Embase, Scopus and PsycINFO and reference lists were systematically searched for studies of depressed patients where two unilateral placements were compared and clinical outcomes were reported...
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European Psychiatry > 2017 > 41 > C > 21-29
Extensive clinical research has shown that the efficacy and cognitive outcomes of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) are determined, in part, by the type of electrode placement used. Bitemporal ECT (BT, stimulating electrodes placed bilaterally in the frontotemporal region) is the form of ECT with relatively potent clinical and cognitive side effects. However, the reasons for this are poorly understood...
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IFMBE Proceedings > World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, September 7 - 12, 2009, Munich, Germany > 161-164
The Modeling Markup Language (MML) Framework is a modular approach based on the Physiome project to describe temporal-spatial biological models. This framework introduces the ModelML specification to describe relational data and FML to describe field data. CellML is used to provide the mathematical model and using this setup, a temporal-spatial model can be created. Using the MML framework, we present...
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To significantly increase the resolution achievable by a retinal prosthesis without requiring additional electrodes, a current steering technique could be utilized. In this study, a finite element model was constructed to analyze the local concentrations of charge carrying ions within a saline bath due to concurrent stimulation from two electrodes surrounded by a hexagonal arrangement of return electrodes...
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Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common cardiac disease which leads to the deterioration in cardiac performance. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach can be used to enhance our understanding of the disease, by providing us with a detailed map of the intraventricular flow and pressure distributions. In the present work, effect of ventricular size on the intraventricular flow dynamics and...
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For patient's receiving mechanical circulatory support, malfunction of the left ventricular assist device (LVADs) as well as mal-positioning of the cannula imposes serious threats to their life. It is therefore important to characterize the flow pattern and pressure distribution within the ventricle in the presence of an LVAD. In this paper, we present a 2D axisymmetric fluid structure interaction...
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A common, limiting factor in neuroprosthesis design is the safe charge-carrying capacity of the metallic electrodes that deliver electrical stimuli to biological tissue. If exceeded, adverse effects can occur, including electrode dissolution and cell necrosis. A straightforward method of addressing charge-carrying capacity limitations is to increase the surface area of the stimulating electrodes....
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A generic cardiac ionic model employing membrane currents based on two-gate Hodgkin-Huxley kinetics is presented. Its generic nature allows it to accurately reproduce action potential waveforms in heterogeneous cardiac tissue by optimizing parameters governing ion channel kinetics and magnitudes. The model allows a user-defined number of voltage and time-dependent ion currents to be incorporated,...
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A hexagonal electrode configuration has been proposed as an advantageous alternative to conventional electrode arrangements used in retinal prosthesis design. In the present study, the aim was to characterize retinal ganglion cell axonal responses to epiretinal electrical stimulation. 50 and 125 μm disk electrodes, arranged in a hexagonal configuration, were tested using in vitro rabbit retinal preparations...
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A continuum network model of the retina is presented, consisting of an active implementation of the retinal ganglion cell tissue layer and passive implementation of deeper cell layers. The retinal ganglion cell layer receives excitatory presynaptic inputs from the bipolar layer and inhibitory presynaptic inputs from the amacrine layer. Simulations were performed to investigate the behavior of retinal...
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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the most effective treatment for severe depressive disorder, and yet the mechanisms of its therapeutic effects remain largely unknown. A novel computational model is presented in this study to simulate and investigate direct cortical excitation caused by bitemporal electroconvulsive therapy (BT ECT), using a finite element model (FEM) of the human head. The skull...
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A tactile sensor for robotic applications is described, inspired by the mechanoreceptors in the glabrous skin of the human hand, in order to replicate the sensory function of both slow adapting and fast adapting mechanoreceptors. Strain gauges were used for the slow adapting receptors, and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film was used to replicate the fast adapting receptors. A finite element analysis...
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IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering > 2010 > 57 > 2 > 254 - 266
A lumped parameter model of human cardiovascular-implantable rotary blood pump (iRBP) interaction has been developed based on experimental data recorded in two healthy pigs with the iRBP in situ. The model includes descriptions of the left and right heart, direct ventricular interaction through the septum and pericardium, the systemic and pulmonary circulations, as well as the iRBP. A subset of parameters...
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We describe a tactile sensor for a robotic hand, based on the mechanoreceptors in the glabrous skin of the human hand to replicate the sensory function of both slow adapting and fast adapting receptors. Strain gauges are used for the slow adapting receptors, and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film was used to replicate the function of the fast adapting receptors. One unit sensor consisted of four...
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A three dimensional morphologically realistic model of atrial propagation is developed, based on the male Visible Human dataset and the Fitzhugh-Nagumo equations for cardiac excitation. The atrial shell geometry incorporates eleven different anatomical structures, including the pulmonary veins, and the septum, Bachmann's bundle and coronary sinus as interatrial conduction pathways. Although the model...
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The modeling markup language (MML) framework provides a temporo-spatial level modeling tool, consisting of two representation languages with tools which utilize CellML, a mathematical biological model representational language. The purpose of MML is to encourage reuse, sharing and efficiency. In this study, we utilize MML to investigate the role of the hyperpolarizing activated (if) current of the...
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Using a bioinspired design approach, we describe the development of a tactile sensor for a robotic hand, based on the mechanoreceptors in the glabrous skin of the human, able to replicate the sensory function of both slow adapting and fast adapting receptors. Slow adapting receptors respond to initial contact and maintain firing throughout the contact period, whereas fast adapting receptors primarily...
