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Plasma nitriding was conducted at low gas pressure and low temperature of 400 °C for 304 austenitic stainless steel. The combined performance of the treated specimens was evaluated by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), microhardness tester, ball-on-disc tribometer and electrochemical polarization. The results showed that an expanded austenite (γN), also called S phase...
A two-step plasma treatment (TSPT) combining plasma nitrocarburizing (PNC) and plasma nitriding (PN) was developed for AISI 1045 steel, and also compared with PNC-only and PN-only treatment. The microstructure and related properties were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Vickers hardness tester and pin-on-disk tribotester. The results showed that...
A new model is proposed for the structure and properties of porous metal oxide scales (aka Chalk River Unidentified Deposits (CRUD)) observed on the nuclear fuel rod cladding in Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR). The model is based on the thermodynamically-driven expansion of agglomerated octahedral nickel ferrite particles in response to pH and temperature changes in the CRUD. The model predicts that...
Three-dimensional TCAD simulation is used to explore a new charge-collection mechanism in highly-scaled MOSEFT. The results show the charge collection with the parasitic bipolar conduction can cause an increased SEU sensitivity. Then the problem of multiple-node upset in a 0.18μm 12-T SEU hardened SRAM cell is also studied. Unlike traditional multiple node charge collection in which diffusions near...
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