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Physical and chemical gels of cellulose were obtained by (1) coagulation of dimethyl sulfoxide (LiCl/DMSO) cellulose solution in ethanol and (2) crosslinking by tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in non-aqueous medium under catalysis with ethylenediamine (EDA). Their structure and properties were studied. The highest storage modulus was 1.08 MPa (physical) and 4.04 MPa (chemical), respectively. The surface...
Two representative hemicelluloses, xylan and konjac glucomannan (KGM), were composited with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (CNF), endowing the CNF-based nanocomposite films with enhanced strength, flexibility and UV blocking properties. Particularly, xylan and KGM were separately or simultaneously mixed with a CNF dispersion to obtain three kinds of CNF-based...
A method was developed for the high-yield preparation of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) using glycerol and a small quantity of sulfuric acid with a colloid milling mechanical dispersion. The glycerol together with a small quantity of sulfuric acid was employed to break hydrogen bonds between cellulose fibrils, after which the excessively swelled cellulose bundles could be easily disassembled to nanosize...
Partially deacetylated chitin nanofibers (PD-ChNFs) with different degrees of deacetylation (DDA: 16%, 29%, 38%, 47%) that represented different amino group contents were prepared by partial deacetylation treatment under the desired conditions and the subsequent mechanical treatment. Higher concentration of NaOH or treating for longer time will result a higher DDA. An equation for the calculation...
Lignocellulose hydrogels (LCGs) with varying lignin content were prepared by the dissolution–regeneration process using N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide solvent system. The varying lignin content in LCGs can lead to different aggregation states due to the hydrophobic association of lignin, with an important impact on the micromorphology and pore structure of hydrogel. The presence of lignin is beneficial...
A physical composite nanochitin/microemulsion (NCh/ME) hydrogel for a prolonged release of hydrophobic compounds (drugs) under in vitro physiological conditions was investigated. A strong physical hydrogel was prepared by an alkali gas phase coagulation bath composting NCh with an oil in water ME in which a hydrophobic dye, Nile Red (NR), was embedded to simulate a drug release process. Different...
A layer deposition method was developed to prepare a series of nanocellulose/filter paper (NC/FP) composite filtration membranes by vacuum filtration of an aqueous nanocellulose dispersion on a filter paper substrate. The deposited NC networks and the final pore structure of the NC/FP composite were affected by the size and the amount of the nanocellulose. Drying methods further influenced the filtration...
A lignocellulose-based composite hydrogel, as a novel biosorbent, was prepared for Cu2+ removal from wastewater. TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCN) were dispersed in a 7 wt% NaOH/12 wt% urea aqueous solution at room temperature. Meanwhile, the dissolved cellulose was obtained in the same system at subzero temperature. The composite hydrogels were prepared by blending the dissolved cellulose...
The partially deacetylated α-chitin nanofiber/nanowhisker (DEChN) aqueous dispersions were prepared by alkali deacetylation. The following mechanical treatment under acidic conditions was mediated by five different organic protonic acids, including acetic acid, gluconic acid, itaconic acid, citric acid and ascorbic acid. Thereafter, these acidic DEChN dispersions were transformed into hydrogels under...
Cellulose laurate ester (CE) aerogels were successfully prepared by regeneration of a CE tetrahydrofuran solution from ethanol followed by drying. The adsorption behavior of CE aerogels for pyridine and chlorobenzene in simulated organic wastewater was investigated through a batch static adsorption process. The effects of the contact time, initial concentration and degree of substitution (DS) on adsorption...
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